Brothers Juan Eladio and Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, the latter 16 years of age, were detained on September 18, 1973, at approximately 10:30 a.m. at a house located at Calle Valdivia N°521 in the city of Los Angeles, where Juan Ulloa was a boarder.

Both brothers, accompanied by Juan's spouse, Elena Jensen Cortés, went to the boarding house to retrieve clothing and other personal items, as the house had been closed by its owner a few days prior. Upon arriving at the residence, they saw that the doors were open and entered; moments later, a Carabineros patrol led by Sergeant Venegas and Corporal Sergio Daguiere entered and proceeded to detain them along with two other people who were also in the house: Ivette Alvarez Moscoso, a boarder, and a man with the surname Segovia, a friend of Ivette.

The five detainees were taken to the Los Angeles Police Station, interrogated there by Captain Fabres, and sent the same day to the Regiment, as they were informed that there were no charges against them and that they would only undergo a check-up before being released.

They were taken to the Regiment, arriving at approximately 2:00 p.m. on September 18, and were handed over by Carabineros Sergeant Venegas to Captain Herrera. Elena Jensen remained at the Regiment until September 21, when she was transferred to the Estadio Regional de Concepción and from there to Isla Quiriquina, where she was released unconditionally on September 23.

The last time she was able to see her husband and brother-in-law was upon entering the Regiment, where both were left in the charge of Carabineros Sergeant Miguel Beltrán and civilian Patricio Abarzúa, officials of the SIM (Military Intelligence Service). For his part, Mr. Segovia, who was detained at the same time, indicated that he was the only one released on the afternoon of September 18.

According to information that appeared 23 days later in the newspaper "La Tribuna" of Los Angeles, the Ulloa Pino brothers were released on the same day of their detention.

According to testimony provided 17 years later by a witness who was a conscript at the Los Angeles Regiment in September 1973, the Ulloa Pino brothers remained locked up in miserable conditions in a small guardhouse inside the military compound for approximately 15 days, and were subsequently taken from the site to an unknown destination.

Juan Ulloa had been detained on September 12, 1973, by troops from the Los Angeles Regiment and released the following day.

The detainees' relatives visited various places to inquire about their whereabouts: the Intendencia, the Regiment, police stations, and the Red Cross, without obtaining positive results; the response they always received was that the two brothers had been released on the day of their arrest. However, since that day, both have remained in the status of forcibly disappeared.

JUDICIAL AND/OR ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIONS

In October 1973, the sister of Juan and Víctor Ulloa, Sonia Ulloa Pino, wrote a letter to the Director General of Investigations, Ernesto Baeza Michaelsen, recounting the detention and disappearance of her relatives.

General Baeza responded via official letter 1504 on November 29, 1973, stating that her brothers and the other two people had been detained by Carabineros for burning "documentation that appeared to be compromising, as Ivette Alvarez belongs to the extremist movement MIR."

He added that the detainees were taken to the Police Station and then to the Los Angeles Reinforced Mountain Infantry Regiment N°3, where, after being interrogated, the brothers and Mr. Segovia were released.

On May 8, 1979, a writ of amparo (habeas corpus) was filed on behalf of the Ulloa brothers, case file 4360, before the Court of Appeals of Concepción. When information regarding the affected parties was requested from the First Carabineros Police Station of Los Angeles, the N°17 Regiment of that city, and the Bío-Bío Regional Intendencia, they replied that they had no records of detention or arrest warrants against them.

For his part, the Minister of the Interior, Sergio Fernández Fernández, stated in official letter 1799 dated May 14, 1979, that there was no record of the detention of the affected parties by security agencies, nor had the Ministry issued any order against them.

He further added that in 1977, following a request from the Vicaría de la Solidaridad to locate presumed disappeared persons, the Investigations Service conducted inquiries without positive results.

On June 6, 1979, following these inquiries, the Court decided to reject the amparo, considering that the evidence gathered indicated that the Ulloa Pino brothers had not been detained and that no arrest warrant existed against them.

It suggested sending the records to the Criminal Court on Duty in Los Angeles to initiate a summary investigation into the presumed disappearance of Juan Eladio and Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino. The status of that complaint is unknown.

Source: Corporation Report

The remains of forcibly disappeared persons recently identified by Minister Jorge Zepeda in Santiago and the Legal Medical Service (SML), found in 1990 in Los Angeles, arrived last night in the Eighth Region and will be held today at the Los Cotolengos parish.

This was reported by lawyer Nelly Navarro Rojas, a plaintiff in several cases of human rights violations in the provinces of Concepción and Biobío, who specified that the funerals of three of the identified victims will be held tomorrow.

The detainees identified by Judge Zepeda are Juan Miguel Yáñez Franco, Mario Omar Belmar Soto, César Augusto Flores Baeza, and the brothers Juan Eladio and Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, whose remains were found 14 years ago inside the La Mona estate, now property of the forestry company Mininco.

The victims disappeared on September 12, 1973, after being apprehended and taken to the El Abanico Carabineros station.

As lawyer Navarro indicated, the funerals for the Ulloa brothers and Flores Baeza will be tomorrow, following a mass at the Cathedral of Los Angeles. The former, however, will be taken to Curacautín after the religious service, while Flores Baeza will be buried in the Los Angeles General Cemetery.

The remains of Yáñez Franco were sent to his family in Temuco. Those of Belmar Soto, meanwhile, will rest at the Memorial in Santiago, as his relatives currently reside in Argentina.

Lawyer Navarro maintained that there are still around 150 forcibly disappeared persons in the Eighth Region. She added that the remains found in various excavations in the region, currently under analysis at the SML in Santiago, could belong to many of them.

Source: October 27, 2004, Diario El Sur Date: 10-27-2004

After 11:00 p.m. on September 28, 1973, Jorge Narváez Salamanca, a 15-year-old third-year high school student at the Mulchén Liceo and a militant of the FER, the student wing of the MIR, was kidnapped.

The mob that arrived at his home kicked down the door and held his mother at gunpoint with a machine gun. In that group were civilians and Carabineros, who took the minor from his home; to this day, there is no information regarding his whereabouts.

Jorge Narváez Salamanca's mother and other witnesses managed to identify among the kidnappers young people from the Mulchén Liceo itself, such as José Horacio Pacheco Padilla, José Pacheco Padilla (19 years old), Carlos Campos Pérez (18 years old), Rolf During Pholer (19 years old), Alberto Raúl Antonio Tirapegui Silva (20 years old), and Eduardo Antonio Bopp Negrete.

All of them were part of a group of civilians that operated in that commune alongside Carabineros after the military coup of September 11, 1973. It was common to see them outside the police station alongside police personnel, among whom was Lieutenant Jorge Maturana Concha.

Four days before his kidnapping and disappearance, specifically on September 24, Jorge Narváez had been detained for a few hours after being apprehended by Carabineros inside his high school, following a report by young people belonging to the far-right paramilitary group Patria y Libertad; some of them participated in his detention days later.

It should be noted that Lieutenant Jorge Maturana Concha and the young Carlos Campos Pérez are also identified as responsible for the arrest and disappearance of Gabriel Valentín Lara Espinoza, 18 years old, a student at the same Mulchén Liceo.

The event occurred on September 22, 1973, under circumstances similar to those recounted in the case of Jorge Narváez, with whom he shared political militancy within the FER, the student organization of the MIR.

The case of Jorge Narváez Salamanca is one of 40 cases of infants and/or adolescents who were forcibly disappeared in Chile; 8 of these cases belong to the Biobío region and are registered in the reports of the National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation (Rettig Report).

In addition to these 40 disappeared minors, this same Rettig Report identifies 150 children and adolescents who were victims of political execution during the 17 years the military dictatorship lasted, seven of them in Biobío.

The subsequent report on political imprisonment and torture (Valech Commission) was able to identify at least 102 infants and adolescents who were detained or kidnapped by State security agencies during the dictatorship. Furthermore, the same document reports on fifteen pregnant women who were executed or disappeared, whose children's whereabouts remain unknown.

For the case of Jorge Narváez Salamanca, there are open proceedings against civilians and former Carabineros officials, with first-instance sentences.

Other detained and disappeared minors from the Biobío region:

Segundo Enrique Cabezas Pérez: He was 14 years old when he was detained along with his older brother, José Hugo, a 22-year-old agricultural worker. They were detained in their home, located in the El Tránsito neighborhood of Los Ángeles, by Investigations personnel on October 5, 1973.

Aliro Segundo Oporto Duran: He disappeared on November 7, 1973, at 17 years of age, in the Ralco sector, then a commune of Santa Bárbara. That day, his family had traveled to Los Ángeles to pick up his father, who was being released after having been detained on September 11, 1973.

In the mid-afternoon, Carabineros entered the home of Aliro Oporto, where only he, two of his siblings, and a neighbor were present. Terrified, the young man fled through the back door of the house, being struck by shots fired by one of the uniformed officers. That was the last time he was seen alive. His body was not found.

Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino: He was 16 years old when he was detained on September 18, 1973, along with his brother, Juan Eladio, in their home, located at Calle Valdivia N°521 in Los Ángeles. They were taken to the Police Station of the same city, interrogated by Captain Fabres, and sent the same day to the Los Ángeles Regiment.

According to testimony provided 17 years later by a witness who was a conscript at the Los Ángeles Regiment in September 1973, the Ulloa Pino brothers remained locked up in miserable conditions in a small guardhouse inside the military compound for approximately 15 days, and were subsequently taken from the site to an unknown destination.

On October 15, 2004, after subjecting bone fragments found in 1990 at the La Mona estate, near Los Ángeles, to DNA testing, the justice system determined that two contained the DNA of the Ulloa Pino brothers.

Santos David Melgarejo Rojas, 17, a street vendor, was detained by Carabineros from the Second Police Station of Concepción on January 14, 1979, in the Agüita de la Perdiz neighborhood.

Erika del Carmen Riquelme Briones: She was 17 years old and was detained when she was arriving from the city of Talca, along with her brother, by police officers from the Carabineros outpost in the Zañartu neighborhood. A person who was detained with them and who was released the following day notified their mother of the event, but the detention of her children was denied to her.

Juan Antonio Riquelme Briones: He was 14 years old when he was detained. They were coming from Talca along with his sister Erika; they were detained by police officers from the Carabineros outpost in the Zañartu neighborhood. A person who was detained with them and who was released the following day notified their mother of the event, but the detention of her children was denied to her.

Source: resumen.cl, October 12, 2023 Date: 10-12-2023

Hatred of workers: Disappeared and executed persons from the energy sector after the 1973 Coup d'État

In 1943, Corfo created Endesa (Empresa Nacional de Electricidad S.A.), which promoted hydroelectricity so rapidly that, by the 1970s, it was already the main source of energy in Chile, and without a doubt, Chilean electrical workers fulfilled their role with enormous success.

Other public and private companies joined Endesa, managing to interconnect the system and providing secure coverage to almost the entire national territory.

The Unidad Popular government strongly promoted the development of Endesa, leading to the commissioning of the El Toro power plant and the construction of Antuco in the Biobío region, in addition to new expansion projects.

Regarding the new social relations of production that the UP sought, the report "Identification, compilation and systematization of information concerning the effects on the energy sector of the 1973 coup d'état and the subsequent civil-military dictatorship," developed by the University of Santiago de Chile for the Undersecretariat of Energy in 2022, states:

"In a different sphere, following the logic of public companies, the Unidad Popular had an interest in promoting and encouraging the participation of workers in the various state companies of the energy sector, which allowed different union leaders to join the boards of directors of the companies in 1972 and 1973, in addition to assuming various positions as personnel managers of the companies."

With the coup d'état, this policy was absolutely dismantled. As is known, the company was completely privatized at the end of the dictatorship, after selling off each of its subsidiaries from 1980 onwards. But the dictatorial hatred toward workers exercising power in these companies led to serious human rights violations.

Thus, we count 23 forcibly disappeared persons from the energy sector. Political executions amount to 12 workers. In the following list of forcibly disappeared persons, individuals who were detained on company premises are added:

Manuel Antonio Aguilera Aguilera, no affiliation, Los Ángeles. Manuel Jesús Arias Zúñiga, no affiliation, Antuco. José Oscar Badilla García, no affiliation, Antuco. Silvio Francisco Bettancourt Bahamonde, MAPU, Punta Arenas.

Mario Omar Belmar Soto, no affiliation, Antuco. Abel José Carrasco Vargas, PS, Antuco. José Abel Coronado Astudillo, no affiliation, Antuco. Plutarco Enrique Coussy Benavides, PC, Antuco. Jaime Patricio Donato Avendaño, PC, Santiago.

Víctor Jerez Meza, PS, Los Ángeles. Luis Segundo Lazo Santander, PC, Santiago. Zacarías Antonio Machuca Muñoz, MIR, Santiago. Gaspar Medina Medina, PS, Chubut, Argentina. Bernardo Samuel Meza Rubilar, PS, Antuco.

Luis Fernando Norambuena Fernandois, PS, San Antonio. Mario Samuel Olivares Pérez, PS, Antuco. Francisco Hernán Ortiz Valladares, PC, Santiago. Armando Portilla Portilla, PC, Santiago. Wilfredo Hernán Quiroz Pereira, PC, Los Ángeles.

Juan Luis Rivera Matus, PC, Santiago. Manuel Sepúlveda Cerda, PC, Los Ángeles. Luis Leopoldo Sepúlveda Núñez, PC, Antuco. Exequiel del Carmen Verdejo Verdejo, PC, Los Ángeles. Marcelino Cárdenas Villagrán, no affiliation, Pilmaiquén, Osorno.

Juan Segundo Mancilla Delgado, no affiliation, Pilmaiquén, Osorno. César Augusto Flores Baeza, PS, Los Ángeles. Abraham López Pinto, PC, Antuco. Domingo Antonio Norambuena Inostroza, PC, Antuco. Benjamín Antonio Orrego Lillo, no affiliation, Los Ángeles.

Alamiro Segundo Santana Figueroa, JS, Los Ángeles. Juan Eladio Ulloa Pino, no affiliation, Los Ángeles. Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, no affiliation, Los Ángeles. Luis Eduardo Vergara Corso, PS, Antuco. Juan Miguel Yáñez Franco, PC, Los Ángeles.

Political executions

Augusto Andino Alcayaga Aldunate, PR, Santiago. Valentín Cárdenas Arriaga, PC, Pilmaiquén, Osorno. José Rosa Devia Devia, no affiliation, Santiago. Juan Dagoberto Fernández Cuevas, PS, Santiago. Miguel Alberto Fernández Cuevas, PS, Santiago.

Francisco Guillermo Flores, no affiliation, Santiago. Enrique González Angulo, no affiliation, Los Ángeles. José Maldonado Fuentes, no affiliation, Santiago. Alfredo Segundo Pacheco Molina, no affiliation, Pilmaiquén, Osorno.

Eduardo Pacheco Molina, no affiliation, Pilmaiquén, Osorno. Teobaldo José Paillacheo Catalán, PC, Pilmaiquén, Osorno. Jorge Manuel Parra Alarcón, Cerro Sombrero, Tierra del Fuego.

Furthermore, it must be considered that Endesa constitutes one of the cases of complaints for serious crimes against humanity, concentrating these in the Los Ángeles area and with appeals filed before the Court of Appeals of Concepción.

It was not until 2004 that the bodies of the disappeared at the La Mona estate were identified: César Flores, Mario Belmar, Juan Ulloa, Víctor Ulloa, and Juan Yáñez. The Supreme Court, in 2014 and by a split decision, sentenced Patricio Martínez Moena to 20 years of major imprisonment, Walter Klug Rivera to 10 years, and Ismael Espinoza Silva to 5 years.

To date, the company's responsibility in these crimes has not been investigated, whether in terms of collaboration, denunciation, or direct participation in the crimes, nor whether it facilitated human or material resources to execute the crimes or acted as an accomplice, although there is evidence in the trials of the use of company spaces and equipment for illegal detentions and torture, as in the case of the five victims at the Pilmaiquén power plant in the province of Osorno and in Cerro Sombrero, Tierra del Fuego.

It is worth remembering that the corporate role, both of private individuals and of State agents appointed by the dictatorship in public companies, is one of the many pending issues for Chilean justice.

Source: resumen.cl, August 23, 2023 Date: 08-23-2023

Breaking the silence of children and adolescents who were political executions during the civic-military dictatorship 1973-1990 (BOOK)

Testimonies, photographs, letters, and other documents that families and friends provided or wrote specifically for publication are incorporated into the book "Breaking the silence of children and adolescents who were political executions during the civic-military dictatorship 1973-1990," which was produced by the Association of Relatives of Political Executed Persons (AFEP) with the support of the Ministry of Cultures, Arts and Heritage, through the Culture, Memory and Human Rights Unit, and the Human Rights Chair of the University of Chile.

The publication, based mainly on the Report of the National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation (1991) and the Report of the National Commission for Reparation and Reconciliation (1996), seeks to reconstruct in a comprehensive and careful manner each of the lives and stories of the victims.

During the investigation, access was granted to the archive of the Association of Relatives of Political Executed Persons, where documents that families have preserved over the years are kept. Illustrations by Álvaro Gómez were also included.

The creation process was a complex challenge that involved combining delicacy, respect, and methodological rigor to state a painful and inescapable truth in this work.

Source: Cultura.gob.cl, April 20, 2023 Date: 04-20-2023

Minister Paola Plaza González orders the imprisonment of a retired Lieutenant Colonel convicted of kidnapping in the Endesa Episode

Retired Lieutenant Colonel Walther Klug Rivera must serve a 10-year prison sentence for his responsibility as the perpetrator of kidnappings and qualified homicides between September and November 1973.

The minister visiting human rights cases of the Santiago Court of Appeals, Paola Plaza González, ordered the entry—today, August 2, 2021—of retired Lieutenant Colonel Walther Klug Rivera into the corresponding prison as a convicted person, sentenced to 10 years in prison for his responsibility as an accomplice in the so-called Endesa Episode, cases involving human rights violations.

The order for his imprisonment was carried out after a court in Italy granted the extradition request filed by the visiting minister Mario Carroza—then instructor of the case—so that Klug Rivera could serve the sentence handed down in October 2014, which convicted Klug Rivera for his responsibility in the qualified kidnappings and qualified homicides of victims Juan Miguel Yañez Franco, César Augusto Flores Baeza, Víctor Jerez Meza, Mario Belmar Soto, Mario Samuel Olivares Pérez, Juan Eladio Ulloa Pino, Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, Abraham López Pinto, José Abel Coronado Astudillo, Abel José Carrasco Vargas, Alamiro Segundo Santana Figueroa, Luis Leopoldo Sepúlveda Núñez, Plutarco Coussy Benavides, Wilfredo Hernán Quiroz Pereira, Exequiel del Carmen Verdejo Verdejo, Domingo Norambuena Inostroza, Luis Eduardo Vergara Corso, Benjamín Antonio Orrego Lillo, José Óscar Badilla García, Manuel Antonio Aguilera Aguilera, Manuel Sepúlveda Cerda, Bernardo Samuel Meza Rubilar, and Manuel Jesús Arias Zúñiga, all of them linked to the El Toro and El Abanico hydroelectric plants, and detained between September and November 1973 by members of the Chilean Army.

Source: pjud.cl, 8/2/2021 Date: 08-02-2021

Students took over the Liceo Pablo Neruda in Temuco to remember a forcibly disappeared classmate

The adolescents held a day of reflection to commemorate the former second-year high school student, Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, who was detained by Carabineros on the night of September 18, 1973.

Students from the Liceo Pablo Neruda in Temuco symbolically took over the establishment to hold a day of reflection and remember the former second-year student, Víctor Adolfo Ulloa Pino, who was detained by Carabineros on the night of September 18, 1973.

As explained by Pablo Caniulaf, the cultural delegate of the establishment, "it is the first time that a cultural day has been held to remember the name of our classmate; he was supposedly a student who was mobilized by his ideals, and he was taken into custody, and since then, nothing is known of his whereabouts," affirmed Caniulaf.

For his part, the president of the Aces Cautín, Eduardo García, added that "from what we know, the classmate was detained while he was burning party documentation, and it is assumed that he was tortured and executed."

The students of the Liceo Pablo Neruda are exhibiting a series of documentaries alluding to September 11. At the site, they distributed flyers that mentioned Víctor with the following message: "as classmates, we cannot lose our memory, and 40 years after the military coup, it is our duty to organize and fight harder than ever against the military dictatorship; it is time to take up the banners of our fallen and the legitimate struggle of the Chilean people.

Nerudian classmates, let us revive our class consciousness on this commemorative date full of pain."

Source: soychile.cl, 9/11/2013 Date: 09-11-2013

Five disappeared persons identified

The visiting minister Jorge Zepeda established the identification of the remains belonging to five people who had been forcibly disappeared from the Los Angeles Mountain Infantry Regiment in the days following the military coup.

After subjecting bone fragments found in 1990 at the La Mona estate, near Los Angeles, to DNA testing, the judge determined that they correspond to César Flores Baeza, Mario Belmar Soto, Juan Ulloa Pino, Juan Yáñez Franco, and Víctor Ulloa Pino, the latter only 16 years old at the time of his detention.

César Flores, who was an official of the Agrarian Reform Corporation, is the uncle of the La Nación journalist Domingo Luis Narváez.

The resolution determined that the bodies of these people were buried clandestinely after they were killed, and their remains were later exhumed after 1978 in what was known as "Operation Television Removal." The small fragments found in 1990 correspond to those that remained at the burial site after the exhumations following 1978.

"Operation Television Removal" was the name the dictatorship gave to the removal of bodies starting in late 1978, after the bodies of 15 murdered peasants were discovered in Lonquén. This operation was confirmed by a cryptogram sent by General Augusto Pinochet to the regiments, a document that an intelligence non-commissioned officer witnessed, deciphered, and testified to this year before Judge Juan Guzmán.

Source: October 15, 2004, La Nación Date: 10-15-2004