at the intersection of Avenida Portugal and Porvenir in Santiago by State agents belonging to the DINA." Following that detention, he was taken to the clandestine detention center "Yucatán" or "Londres 38" , where he remained "without contact with the outside world, blindfolded and tied up, being continuously subjected to interrogations under torture." According to the case file, the name Eduardo Ziede Gómez was included in circulating lists of detained persons, which indicated that he had died in Argentina along with 59 other people belonging to the MIR.

THE CONVICTED

Judge Crisosto issued sentences of 13 years in prison to the agents: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Marcelo Moren Brito, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, and Raúl Iturriaga Neumann, in their capacity as perpetrators of the crime.

The following agents must serve 10 years in prison , also as perpetrators of the crime of aggravated kidnapping: Gerardo Urrich González, Gerardo Godoy García, Ricardo Lawrence Mires, Ciro Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Hiro Álvarez Vega, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, Hugo Rubén Delgado Carrasco, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Leónidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, and Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte. In their capacity as accomplices, the following must serve four years in prison, without benefits : Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Camilo Torres Negrier, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Luis René Torres Méndez, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Reinaldo Alfonso Concha Orellana, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Víctor Manuel de la Cruz San Martin Jiménez, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Héctor Manuel Lira Aravena, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Juan Miguel Troncoso Soto, and Sergio Iván Díaz Lara. Agents Rodolfo Valentino Cocha Rodríguez and Armando Segundo Cofre Correa were acquitted due to a lack of participation in the events. Furthermore, in this case, the definitive dismissal of charges, due to death , was issued for the defendants: Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, Osvaldo Romo Mena, Luis Urrutia Acuña, José Ampuero Ulloa, Orlando Inostroza Lagos, Luis Villarroel Gutiérrez, and Manuel Contreras Sepúlveda.

Source: 24horas.cl, August 18, 2015

79 DINA agents sentenced for the disappearance of Pedro Poblete Córdoba in Operation Colombo

The extraordinary visiting judge of the Santiago Court of Appeals for human rights violation cases, Hernán Crisosto Greisse, issued a sentence in the investigation into the crime of aggravated kidnapping of Pedro Poblete Córdova, perpetrated starting on July 19, 1974, sentencing 79 former agents of the National Intelligence Directorate (DINA) to effective prison terms in their capacity as perpetrators and accomplices of the illicit act.

In the resolution, Judge Crisosto Greisse sentenced the following to 13 years in prison, without benefits: Juan Manuel Guillermo Contreras Sepúlveda, César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo, Marcelo Luis Manuel Moren Brito, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, and Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann.

Meanwhile, the following agents must serve 10 years in prison, without benefits: Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Gustavo Galvarino Carumán Soto, Hiro Álvarez Vega, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Luis Salvador Villarroel Gutiérrez, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, Hugo Rubén Delgado Carrasco, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Leónidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rafael De Jesús Riveros Frost, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, and Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle. Likewise, the following must serve 4 years in prison, without benefits, in their capacity as accomplices: Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Camilo Torres Negrier, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Luis René Torres Méndez, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Reinaldo Alfonso Concha Orellana, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Víctor Manuel de la Cruz San Martin Jiménez, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Héctor Manuel Lira Aravena, Juan Miguel Troncoso Soto, and Sergio Iván Díaz Lara. In the case, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra was acquitted. According to the background information gathered in the investigation, the magistrate was able to establish the following sequence of events: "That on the morning of July 19, 1974, Pedro Enrique Poblete Córdova, a militant of the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR), was detained at the intersection of Av. Matta and Nataniel, in the commune of Santiago, by state agents belonging to the National Intelligence Directorate (DINA), who forced him into the back of a gray Chevrolet C-10 pickup truck and transported him to the clandestine detention center known as 'Yucatán' or 'Londres 38,' located at that address in the city of Santiago, which was guarded by armed guards and to which only DINA agents had access. That the victim, Pedro Enrique Poblete Córdova, during his stay at the Londres 38 barracks, remained without contact with the outside world, blindfolded and tied up, being continuously subjected to interrogations under torture by DINA agents operating in said barracks regarding his party activities and the names and addresses of his political group comrades in order to proceed with the detention of its members. That the last time the victim, Poblete Córdova, was seen alive occurred on an undetermined day in the month of August or September 1974, with no evidence that he survived his captivity during the period in which the DINA operated. That the name of Pedro Enrique Poblete Córdova appeared on a list of 119 people, published in the national press after it appeared on a list published in the Argentine magazine 'LEA' on July 15, 1975, which reported that Poblete Córdova had died in Argentina, along with 59 other people belonging to the MIR, due to internal disputes that had arisen among those members; these publications originated from disinformation maneuvers carried out by DINA agents abroad." Events that "constitute the crime of aggravated kidnapping of PEDRO ENRIQUE POBLETE CÓRDOVA, provided for and sanctioned in Article 141, paragraphs 1 and 3 of the Penal Code of the time, since the deprivation of liberty or confinement of the victim has lasted for more than ninety days, and he remains disappeared to this day (...)," the resolution concludes.

Source: reddigital.cl, October 22, 2015

Justice system indicts 128 DINA agents for 16 kidnappings of "Operation Colombo"

The minister on extraordinary assignment for human rights violation cases at the Santiago Court of Appeals, Hernán Crisosto Greisse, issued an indictment in the investigation he is conducting into the aggravated kidnapping of 16 victims of the so-called "Operación Colombo," who were forcibly disappeared between July 17, 1974, and January 6, 1975, and whose names appeared on lists published as part of "disinformation maneuvers orchestrated by the Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA) abroad."

In the resolution (case file 2182-98), the presiding minister indicted 128 DINA agents as co-perpetrators in the aggravated kidnappings of Francisco Aedo Carrasco, Albano Fioraso Chau, Jaime Buzio Lorca, Marcos Esteban Quiñones Lembach, Mauricio Jorquera Escina, Rodolfo Alejandro Espejo Gómez, Gregorio Gaete Farias, Mario Calderón Tapia, Jorge Andrónicos Antequera, Juan Carlos Andrónicos Antequera, Sergio Reyes Navarrete, Cecilia Castro Salvadores, Ida Vera Almarza, Isidro Pizarro Meniconi, Jilberto Urbina Chamorro, and Juan Rodríguez Araya.

This investigation corresponds to the final episode of the 36 cases derived from the so-called "Operación Colombo"; the other 35 have already been ruled upon in the first instance.

In the indictment, Minister Crisosto charged the following DINA agents as responsible for the kidnappings of:

– Francisco Aedo Carrasco: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Orlando Manzo Durán, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Eduardo Correa Habert, and Daniel Alberto Galaz Orellana.

– Juan Carlos and Jorge Elías Andrónicos Antequera: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Orlando Manzo Durán, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Leoncio Enrique Velásquez Guala, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Jaime Buzio Lorca: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Orlando Manzo Durán, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Gerardo Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Alejandro Francisco Molina Cisterna, Eugenio Jesús Fieldhouse Chávez, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Teresa del Carmen Osorio Navarro, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Pedro René Alfaro Fernández, Samuel Enrique Fuenzalida Devia, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Alfonso Humberto Quiroz Quintana, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Osvaldo Octavio Castillo Arellano, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Daniel Valentín Cancino Varas, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Guido Arnoldo Jara Brevis, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Hugo Hernán Clavería Leiva, Jerónimo del Carmen Neira Méndez, Juan Carlos Escobar Valenzuela, Carlos Enrique Miranda Mesa, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Juan Ignacio Suárez Delgado, Raúl Alberto Soto Pérez, Carlos Enrique Letelier Verdugo, Herman Eduardo Ávalos Muñoz, Raúl Bernardo Toro Montes, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Juan Miguel Troncoso Soto, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Silvio Antonio Concha González, Víctor Abraham González Salazar, Jorge Segundo Madariaga Acevedo, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Miguel Ángel Yáñez Ugalde, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Mario Eduardo Calderón Tapia: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Orlando Manzo Durán, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Fernando Eduardo Lauriani Maturana, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Alejandro Francisco Molina Cisterna, Eugenio Jesús Fieldhouse Chávez, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Teresa del Carmen Osorio Navarro, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Pedro René Alfaro Fernández, Samuel Enrique Fuenzalida Devia, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Alfonso Humberto Quiroz Quintana, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Osvaldo Octavio Castillo Arellano, Daniel Valentín Cancino Varas, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Guido Arnoldo Jara Brevis, Hugo Hernán Clavería Leiva, Jerónimo del Carmen Neira Méndez, Juan Carlos Escobar Valenzuela, Carlos Enrique Miranda Mesa, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Juan Ignacio Suárez Delgado, Raúl Alberto Soto Pérez, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, Carlos Enrique Letelier Verdugo, Herman Eduardo Ávalos Muñoz, Raúl Bernardo Toro Montes, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Silvio Antonio Concha González, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Luis Rigoberto Videla Inzunza, Jorge Segundo Madariaga Acevedo, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Palmira Isabel Almuna Guzmán, Miguel Ángel Yáñez Ugalde, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Cecilia Gabriela Castro Salvadores: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Alejandro Francisco Molina Cisterna, Eugenio Jesús Fieldhouse Chávez, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Teresa del Carmen Osorio Navarro, Sylvia Teresa Oyarce Pinto, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Pedro René Alfaro Fernández, Samuel Enrique Fuenzalida Devia, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Alfonso Humberto Quiroz Quintana, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Osvaldo Octavio Castillo Arellano, Daniel Valentín Cancino Varas, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Guido Arnoldo Jara Brevis, Hugo Hernán Clavería Leiva, Jerónimo del Carmen Neira Méndez, Juan Carlos Escobar Valenzuela, Carlos Enrique Miranda Mesa, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Juan Ignacio Suárez Delgado, Raúl Alberto Soto Pérez, Carlos Enrique Letelier Verdugo, Herman Eduardo Ávalos Muñoz, Raúl Bernardo Toro Montes, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Leoncio Enrique Velásquez Guala, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Silvio Antonio Concha González, Carlos López Inostroza, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Luis Rigoberto Videla Inzunza, Jorge Segundo Madariaga Acevedo, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Palmira Isabel Almuna Guzmán, Miguel Ángel Yáñez Ugalde, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Rodolfo Alejandro Espejo Gómez: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Orlando Manzo Durán, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, Carlos López Inostroza, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Osvaldo Pulgar Gallardo, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Albano Agustín Fioraso Chau: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Luis Ignacio Zúñiga Ovalle, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Juan Miguel Troncoso Soto, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Gregorio Antonio Gaete Farias: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Orlando Manzo Durán, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, Carlos López Inostroza, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Osvaldo Pulgar Gallardo, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Mauricio Edmundo Jorquera Encina: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Carlos López Inostroza, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Osvaldo Pulgar Gallardo, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Isidro Miguel Pizarro Meniconi: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Orlando Manzo Durán, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Fernando Eduardo Lauríani Maturana, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Alejandro Francisco Molina Cisterna, Eugenio Jesús Fieldhouse Chávez, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Teresa del Carmen Osorio Navarro, Sylvia Teresa Oyarce Pinto, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Pedro René Alfaro Fernández, Samuel Enrique Fuenzalida Devia, Alfonso Humberto Quiroz Quintana, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Héctor Alfredo Flores Vergara, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Osvaldo Octavio Castillo Arellano, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Daniel Valentín Cancino Varas, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Guido Arnoldo Jara Brevis, Hugo Hernán Clavería Leiva, Jerónimo del Carmen Neira Méndez, Juan Carlos Escobar Valenzuela, Carlos Enrique Miranda Mesa, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Juan Ignacio Suárez Delgado, Raúl Alberto Soto Pérez, Carlos Enrique Letelier Verdugo, Herman Eduardo Ávalos Muñoz, Raúl Bernardo Toro Montes, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Silvio Antonio Concha González, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Carlos López Inostroza, Luis Rigoberto Videla Inzunza, Jorge Segundo Madariaga Acevedo, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Palmira Isabel Almuna Guzmán, Miguel Ángel Yáñez Ugalde, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, Daniel Galaz Orellana, and Werner Enrique Zanghellini Martínez.

– Marcos Esteban Quiñones Lembach: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Miguel Krassnoff Marchenko, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Víctor San Martín Jiménez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Camilo Torres Negrier, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Claudio Orlando Orellana, Hiro Álvarez Vega, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Carlos López Inostroza, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Juan Miguel Troncoso Soto, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Sergio Alfonso Reyes Navarrete: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Orlando José Manzo Durán, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Fernando Eduardo Lauriani Maturana, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Armando Segundo Cofre Correa, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Manuel Heriberto Avendaño González, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Leoncio Enrique Velásquez Guala, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Alejandro Francisco Astudillo Adonis, Demóstenes Eugenio Cárdenas Saavedra, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Jilberto Patricio Urbina Chamorro: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, Orlando Manzo Durán, Fernando Lauriani Maturana, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Raúl Eduardo Iturriaga Neumann, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, Alejandro Francisco Molina Cisterna, Eugenio Jesús Fieldhouse Chávez, Rosa Humilde Ramos Hernández, Teresa del Carmen Osorio Navarro, Sylvia Teresa Oyarce Pinto, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Jaime Mora Diocares, José Mario Friz Esparza, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Pedro René Alfaro Fernández, Samuel Enrique Fuenzalida Devia, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Gustavo Galvarino Caruman Soto, Heriberto del Carmen Acevedo, Luis René Torres Méndez, Reinaldo Concha Orellana, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Ángel Urbina Cáceres, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Osvaldo Octavio Castillo Arellano, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Guido Arnoldo Jara Brevis, Hugo Hernán Clavería Leiva, Jerónimo del Carmen Neira Méndez, Jorge Luis Venegas Silva, Juan Carlos Escobar Valenzuela, Carlos Enrique Miranda Mesa, Víctor Manuel Álvarez Droguett, Raúl Alberto Soto Pérez, Carlos Enrique Letelier Verdugo, Herman Eduardo Ávalos Muñoz, Raúl Bernardo Toro Montes, Silvio Antonio Concha González, Pedro Mora Villanueva, Carlos López Inostroza, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Ricardo Orlando Zamorano Vergara, Luis Rigoberto Videla Inzunza, Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte, Luis Fernando Espinace Contreras, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Óscar Belarmino la Flor Flores, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Sergio Iván Díaz Lara, Palmira Isabel Almuna Guzmán, Osvaldo Pulgar Gallardo, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Miguel Ángel Yáñez Ugalde, Rafael de Jesús Riveros Frost, Leonidas Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

– Ida Vera Almarza: César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo, Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Armando Segundo Cofré Correa, Héctor Alfredo Flores Vergara, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, José Dorohi Hormazábal Rodríguez, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, Raúl Iturriaga Neumann, Edinson Antonio Fernández Sanhueza, Jaime Alfonso Fernández Garrido, Manuel Carevic Cubillos, and Werner Enrique Zanghellini Martínez.

– Juan Carlos Rodríguez Araya: Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, César Manríquez Bravo, Francisco Maximiliano Ferrer Lima, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, Teresa Osorio Navarro, José Abel Aravena Ruiz, Luis René Torres Méndez, José Avelino Yévenes Vergara, Rodolfo Valentino Concha Rodríguez, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, Carlos Correa Habert, and Daniel Galaz Orellana.

Operación Colombo

Operación Colombo, or the "Case of the 119," was an operation mounted by the Chilean Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA) in 1975, intended to cover up the forced disappearance of 119 opponents of the military regime—mostly members of the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR)—and to make the national and international public believe that they had died in clashes with foreign security forces or as victims of internal purges.

The name "Operación Colombo" was given by the DINA itself; it was part of Operation Condor, a cooperation effort between South American intelligence services. Criminal responsibility for these events is attributed to the DINA high command and, indirectly, to Augusto Pinochet; the matter is currently in the hands of the Chilean justice system.

The DINA is accused of having devised, together with Argentine intelligence and with the help of Chilean media outlets (such as El Mercurio, La Segunda, and La Tercera), a way to convince public opinion that the forcibly disappeared did not exist or to minimize their numbers, attributing some of their deaths to internal political infighting within the Left, specifically the Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR).

In that context, the Chilean press reproduced information published by the magazines Lea in Argentina and Novo O’Día in Brazil, according to which the whereabouts of 119 people had been clarified. The first of these publications reported on the fate of 60 disappeared persons, while the other reported on the remaining 59.

The reproduction of these reports in the Chilean press was intended to support the government's position: that there were no forcibly disappeared persons, but rather that the individuals sought by their families had fled the country.

The evening newspaper La Segunda reported the event with the headline "Exterminated like rats, MIR members," and the headline of La Tercera (July 23, 1975) stated, "The MIR has murdered 60 of its own men."

On August 1, 1975, the Comité Pro Paz submitted a request to the Supreme Court to appoint a special investigating judge (Ministro en Visita) for the people who had been detained and disappeared during their arrest.

They insisted on learning the whereabouts of these people due to the new information that had emerged regarding the alleged 119 Chileans killed in Argentina. However, this request was denied by the highest court.

Sergio Diez Urzúa, who was serving as Chile's ambassador to the UN at the time, declared before the United Nations General Assembly that many of the reported disappearances were false, explaining that some corresponded to internal purges within the MIR, while other people simply did not have a legal existence or were people who were dead or in exile.

Source: elciudadano, April 19, 2016

All the horror in the hands of the DINA

The ruling by visiting judge Hernán Crisosto, who sentenced 78 agents of the National Intelligence Directorate (DINA) for the kidnapping and forced disappearance of 19-year-old Miguel Angel Acuña Castillo, is currently awaiting resolution by the Santiago Court of Appeals.

The magistrate established that Acuña, a militant of the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR), was detained near his home in the commune of Macul on July 8, 1974, by DINA agents, including Osvaldo Romo Mena.

To carry this out, they used his friend and comrade Héctor Garay Hermosilla, 19, who is also forcibly disappeared. Garay was detained moments before Acuña and was led at gunpoint from his home, located near Acuña’s.

Rosa Acuña Castillo, Miguel Angel’s sister, testified that her father tried to climb onto the back of the truck in which they were taking him, but he was struck by one of the individuals and fell to the ground.

Something similar happened to Inelia Hermosilla, Garay’s mother, who was kicked away by Osvaldo Romo. One week after Acuña’s kidnapping, Osvaldo Romo went to his home again and told Rosa that her brother was in good condition along with Garay.

Both had been secondary student leaders and participated actively before the coup d'état in the Revolutionary Student Front (FER) at the Liceo 7 in Ñuñoa, currently the José Toribio Medina. They belonged to the MIR’s secondary student structure in the eastern zone of Santiago. His friends and comrades affectionately called Acuña “Pampino” or “Pampa.”

Judge Crisosto determined that DINA agents transferred him to the torture and extermination center located at Londres 38. There, he “remained without contact with the outside world, blindfolded and tied up, being continuously subjected to interrogations under torture by DINA agents,” and the last time he was seen alive “occurred on an undetermined day in the month of July or August 1974, remaining forcibly disappeared to this date,” the first-instance ruling states.

GREAT LEADERSHIP CAPACITY

Before September 11, the FER secondary students of the eastern sector had a public presence in a large part of those high schools and colleges. Several of its members and leaders are forcibly disappeared, among them Acuña and Garay.

In the summer of 1973, they carried out voluntary literacy work for peasants in Isla de Maipo, in coordination with the Federation of Evening and Night Students (Fevenoch).

Miguel Angel Acuña belonged to a modest family. He realized early on the origin of the country’s enormous social and economic inequalities and set out to fight to change them. He found in the FER and the MIR the political instrument for his dreams of a more fraternal society with social justice.

At Londres 38, he was seen by Erika Hennings, who was detained on July 30, 1974. “I can say that he was very young, I think they called him El Pampa,” she asserted during the proceedings. She heard that the detainees were called for roll call twice a day. On July 31, 1974, she heard the name Miguel Angel Acuña Castillo, who answered “present.” Later, she did not hear him called again.

Hugo Chacaltana Silva was detained on May 4, 1974. He was 16 years old. He was a third-year student at the Liceo Manuel de Salas. He had been a member of the FER. He passed through other detention centers before being taken to Londres 38.

He recounted that in the early hours of July 8 to 9, 1974, Miguel Angel Acuña arrived along with Héctor Garay Hermosilla. He was able to see them through a gap in the blindfold that formed between his nose and cheekbones.

Chacaltana noted that he met Acuña in 1971; as secondary students, both coincided in various meetings. He remembers “Miguel Angel as a young man of great leadership capacity and great physical resistance.” He stopped seeing Acuña on September 11, 1973.

He met him again at Londres 38. He arrived along with Héctor Garay, whom they called “Titín,” to the same room where he remained lying on the floor. “The next day, it caught his attention that both were talking and laughing, which made him think that they were unaware of the magnitude of what awaited them.”

THEY LAUGHED AT THE GUARDS AT LONDRES 38

León Gómez, detained on July 15, 1974, and transferred to Londres 38, saw Miguel Angel along with Héctor Garay, whom he knew. Someone commented to him that “Pampino” was among the detainees, which he corroborated upon hearing him “with his typical jokes that he made to the guards, as if giving the impression that what was happening in the place had no importance at all.

Even ‘Titín’ and ‘Pampino’ would drive the guards crazy. They were very irreverent.”

David Cuevas Sharon, detained on May 4, 1974, also testified to having seen him. When Cuevas was released, Acuña Castillo remained a prisoner. His maternal grandmother had a hair salon in Ñuñoa, and one of her clients was Miguel Angel’s mother.

In a conversation, “she found out about the problem she was having with a disappeared son. Given this, my grandmother made him go to the hair salon where he met Pampino’s mother, and he told her what he knew about him, specifically the place where he had been imprisoned with him,” he stated to the court.

Former agent Samuel Fuenzalida Devia specified that “the general treatment of the prisoners was to keep them blindfolded, they were not allowed to wash, there were no beds for them to sleep on, the food was scarce, and they were subjected to intense interrogations in which electricity was applied to them, especially on the genitals and breasts.

Another form of torture consisted of keeping the detainees sitting in chairs, tied by their feet and hands, while current was applied to them with magnets, although common electric current was also applied to them, which burned those people, a procedure in which many people died.”

CAREVIC MANAGED THE RAILS AT FAMAE

Eugenio Fieldhouse Chávez maintained that as an official of the Investigations police, in mid-June 1974, he was assigned to that repressive body and indicated that the same DINA agents who intervened in the detention and interrogation of the detainees, once the information sought was obtained, were in charge of making them disappear, upon prior order from their superiors.

One of those convicted, Fernando Guerra Guajardo, noted that “the order for the removal of the detainees was given by the barracks commander, who was Marcelo Moren Brito, and if he was not there, Ciro Torré and Manuel Castillo, who was the third in seniority.

That order was transmitted verbally to the chief of the guard. The detainee was called by his name and taken before the barracks chief, who handed him over to an agent. Afterward, they made them get into closed vans or trucks.

The small refrigerator-type truck, from the Arauco fishing company, would pull up next to the door, and they would place boards to block the view. These exits of detainees were normally done at night, around 12:00 AM, when there were no people on the streets.”

In 1974, the country was subjected to a strict curfew, and only military forces, Carabineros, and the Investigations police were allowed to circulate.

The convicted Colonel Pedro Espinoza Bravo said that detainees were removed by order of Manuel Contreras. “The only thing I have managed to determine, regarding the question asked of me regarding the names of those responsible in the elimination units, is that the person in charge of acquiring the rails was the lieutenant or captain—at that time—Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, who managed them before the director of Famae at that time, a fact I learned over time.”

Former DINA member Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, also convicted in the disappearance of Acuña, specified that many prisoners were transferred to Tejas Verdes. He had to go on about three occasions. The Arauco fishing company truck that removed the detainees “was driven by non-commissioned officer Tolosa, whose mission was to remove groups of detainees, and for that, he came with a list provided by the general headquarters, which he would show to the head of the operational section, who was Marcelo Moren, and he would order the officers or the most senior ones to take out the detainees who were on the list and take them to the fishing company truck (…) The Arauco fishing company van was conditioned for transport, as it had benches on the sides in its cargo area and there was also a separation by a grate that had an access door, leaving a space that could be occupied by a guard,” he pointed out during the proceedings.

LOADING THE FORCIBLY DISAPPEARED

José Domingo Avila Jara, of the Army Aviation Command, who worked at the Eulogio Sánchez Aerodrome in Tobalaba in the helicopter, airplane, and ground support equipment electrical workshop, told the court that in mid-1974, “he was ordered to apply the modification of the parachute kit on a Puma helicopter.

Once the equipment was installed, they were ordered to perform a test flight. The aircraft took off from the Tobalaba Aerodrome toward the Army Parachute School located in the Peldehue area, but upon passing Cerro Manquehue, the Puma helicopter landed in a hilly area with the rotor spinning; then they opened the right door from the outside and two young people climbed in.

Once inside the aircraft, they began to receive bundles wrapped in hemp sacks, approximately four to five, and these people proceeded to drag these bundles toward the back of the helicopter (...) Then the same people closed the door, taking off toward the central coast, specifically to the Quintero sector, heading toward the open sea, he calculates about ten or fifteen minutes, and once at the location, the pilot notified these people to proceed to throw the bundles into the sea (…) These people proceeded to throw the bundles into the sea from the back of the helicopter.

Afterward, we returned to Santiago and the craft landed on the helicopter runway at the Tobalaba aerodrome,” he stated.

Regarding the bundles, he noted “that there were people inside, because their feet could be seen.”

In this regard, with cynicism, former DINA chief Manuel Contreras provided a document stating that Miguel Angel Acuña was detained by the Army Intelligence Directorate (Dine) and his body thrown into the sea in Quintero.

Before that, his name appeared among the 119 Chileans of Operation Colombo, on a list disseminated in the national press after it appeared in publications that were printed only once in Brazil and Argentina, “in which it was reported that Miguel Angel Acuña Castillo had died in Argentina, along with 58 other people belonging to the MIR, due to internal quarrels.”

THE CONVICTED

The magistrate handed down a sentence of 13 years of major imprisonment in its medium degree to César Manríquez Bravo, Pedro Espinoza, Miguel Krassnoff Martchenko, and Raúl Iturriaga Neumann.

Judge Crisosto sentenced the following to 10 years of major imprisonment in its minimum degree: Gerardo Ernesto Urrich González, Gerardo Ernesto Godoy García, Ricardo Víctor Lawrence Mires, Ciro Ernesto Torré Sáez, Sergio Hernán Castillo González, Manuel Andrés Carevic Cubillos, José Nelson Fuentealba Saldías, Basclay Humberto Zapata Reyes, José Enrique Fuentes Torres, José Mario Friz Esparza, Julio José Hoyos Zegarra, Nelson Alberto Paz Bustamante, Claudio Orlando Orellana de la Pinta, Enrique Tránsito Gutiérrez Rubilar, Gustavo Galvarino Carumán Soto, Hiro Alvarez Vega, José Alfonso Ojeda Obando, Luis Salvador Villarroel Gutiérrez, Olegario Enrique González Moreno, Orlando Jesús Torrejón Gatica, Rudeslindo Urrutia Jorquera, Alfredo Orlando Moya Tejeda, Carlos Alfonso Sáez Sanhueza, Fernando Enrique Guerra Guajardo, Hernán Patricio Valenzuela Salas, Hugo Rubén Delgado Carrasco, Juan Alfredo Villanueva Alvear, Juan Evaristo Duarte Gallegos, Lautaro Eugenio Díaz Espinoza, Leónides Emiliano Méndez Moreno, Pedro Ariel Araneda Araneda, Rafael De Jesús Riveros Frost, Víctor Manuel Molina Astete, Manuel Rivas Díaz, Hugo del Tránsito Hernández Valle, Juan Angel Urbina Cáceres, Risiere del Prado Altez España, Hermon Helec Alfaro Mundaca, and Raúl Juan Rodríguez Ponte.

As accomplices to the kidnapping and disappearance of the young Miguel Angel Acuña Castillo, he sentenced the following to 4 years of minor imprisonment in its maximum degree: Luis Eduardo Mora Cerda, José Jaime Mora Diocares, Camilo Torres Negrier, Carlos Justo Bermúdez Méndez, Claudio Enrique Pacheco Fernández, Fernando Adrián Roa Montaña, Gerardo Meza Acuña, Héctor Raúl Valdebenito Araya, Jaime Humberto Paris Ramos, Jorge Laureano Sagardia Monje, José Dorohi Hormazabal Rodríguez, José Manuel Sarmiento Sotelo, José Stalin Muñoz Leal, Juvenal Alfonso Piña Garrido, Luis René Torres Méndez, Manuel Antonio Montre Méndez, Máximo Ramón Aliaga Soto, Moisés Paulino Campos Figueroa, Nelson Aquiles Ortiz Vignolo, Nelson Eduardo Iturriaga Cortés, Pedro Segundo Bitterlich Jaramillo, Reinaldo Alfonso Concha Orellana, Sergio Hernán Castro Andrade, Víctor Manuel de la Cruz San Martín Jiménez, Gustavo Humberto Apablaza Meneses, Héctor Carlos Díaz Cabezas, Jorge Antonio Lepileo Barrios, Oscar Belarmino La Flor Flores, Rufino Espinoza Espinoza, Roberto Hernán Rodríguez Manquel, Víctor Manuel Alvarez Droguett, Héctor Manuel Lira Aravena, and Sergio Iván Díaz Lara.

Source: puntofinal.cl, May 13, 2016