Since last September, the remains of six heroes of La Moneda, recently re-identified by the Legal Medical Service, have also rested at the Memorial for the Forcibly Disappeared. A tribute to their memory was held on that occasion after the remains of Ricardo Pincheira (“Máximo”, a socialist) and Dr.

Enrique Paris (a communist militant) made a stop as a farewell in front of the Monument to President Salvador Allende. They were accompanied by their families, along with surviving members of the security detail that protected President Salvador Allende (popularly known as GAP), human rights organizations, and leftist militants.

After extensive DNA analysis of the relatives and nearly 500 bone fragments—pieces of skulls, limbs, and teeth—found in a military grave at Fuerte Arteaga, in Peldehue, the forensic experts determined that these remains corresponded to the following comrades from La Moneda: Ricardo Pincheira Núñez (Máximo), presidential advisor, 28 years old; Enrique Paris Roa, physician and presidential advisor, 40 years old; Óscar Avilés Cofré, GAP, 28 years old; Manuel Castro Zamorano (Víctor), GAP, 23 years old; Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (Carlos), GAP, 33 years old; Luis Rodríguez Riquelme (Mauricio), GAP, 26 years old.

“Máximo,” a socialist militant, was the head of President Allende’s security apparatus, a task in which he was assisted by, among others, Arnoldo Camú, Tati (Beatriz) Allende, and Renato Moreau, and he worked in coordination with another team that made up the National Center for Public Opinion directed by Félix Huerta.

Together, they provided the President with the necessary information, which had the character of counterintelligence provided by Máximo’s team, to which was added the analysis of press information, which was the task carried out by Huerta. These working groups were characterized by their extreme loyalty and close proximity to Salvador Allende, and by the bonds of friendship between their members.

Livia Sepúlveda, the socialist’s partner, recalls: “After the ‘tancazo’ (failed coup attempt) of June 29, Máximo delivered to President Allende a complete and detailed report on the work and contacts of the CIA within the Chilean Army.

The President handed the dossier to the head of the Army Intelligence Service at the time, in the presence of an astonished Máximo. Máximo commented to me then that he knew his fate was sealed with that, but he would always be with Allende.

General Prats also gives an account of that incident in his memoirs.” Livia continues: “He was part of a group of men who fought heroically against the fascist coup d’état, defending the constitutional government, giving a lesson in courage, loyalty, and dignity.

With this act, they reflected their consistency with the commitments assumed with the President and his people, with the rule of law, and with a popular democracy. The advisors and members of the GAP resisted heroically, alongside President Salvador Allende, in those fateful hours, giving their lives in defense of the dreams and hope of a people who wanted a fairer Chile.”

MEMBER OF THE ELN

The eldest of three brothers, Ricardo came from a family with Christian Democratic ideas; his father, Artidoro Pincheira, was a high-ranking official in the Comptroller’s Office, and his mother, Teresa Núñez, had been the director of the Liceo 7 de Niñas.

Máximo became involved with the left while studying medicine at the Universidad de Chile, where, together with Félix Huerta, Jorge Klein, and Tati Allende, he joined the Socialist Party. There, he was also part of the National Liberation Army (ELN), which supported Che’s guerrilla movement in Bolivia, founded by Arnoldo Camú, constituting a sort of faction within the Socialist Party.

Máximo did not hesitate to leave his medical studies in 1969, when he only lacked his internship, because he was already dedicating all his energy to supporting the process of change that was being energized in Chile, and he worked as an advisor to Allende from the moment he assumed the presidency.

He was detained on September 11, 1973, upon leaving the Palacio de La Moneda, as part of the last group of people who were at the seat of government. Together with 20 of the prisoners, they were taken from the Regimiento Tacna to the Fuerte Arteaga in Peldehue and executed one by one in front of a dry pit 10 meters deep, which would later be dynamited.

The supervision of the executions was carried out by Major (R) Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who later joined the Caravan of Death and the DINA, and Lieutenant Julio Vandorsee Cerda. The then-sub-lieutenant of the Tacna, Jorge Iván Herrera López, operated the machine gun.

From the testimonies of the executioners given to the dialogue table, it is known that all of them, upon being executed, maintained a dignity that impressed their killers. In 1978, the so-called “Operation Retiro de Televisores” took place, which consisted of exhuming the bodies to then be thrown into the sea aboard an Army helicopter.

The order was given by Augusto Pinochet. Jorge Iván Herrera, General (R) Herman Brady, then commander of the Santiago Military Garrison, and a group of retired non-commissioned officers who were part of the team that exhumed the bodies, are among those prosecuted for these events in the case being investigated by Judge Juan Belmar Fuentes.

In front of the memorial, Máximo Pincheira Sepúlveda, posthumous son of Máximo and grandson of Adonis Sepúlveda, a former undersecretary of the Socialist Party who has since passed away, recounted his experience of the day when, by judicial order, the execution was reconstructed:

“On September 13, 2010, at 11 in the morning, we went to the pit where about 20 people who heroically defended the Palacio de La Moneda were buried. Without the luck of our media-famous miners, they all died machine-gunned, dynamited, and subsequently thrown into the sea.

Despite this barbarity and the effort to make them disappear, they resurface from the earth, giving testimony to the cowardly acts of the dictatorship.

Paradoxically, the landscape was very beautiful. Despite the chilling nature of the red-earth pit, surely opened by the investigations that were carried out, the day was very clear, the grass had a luminous green that I cannot erase from my head, the birds sang oblivious to what was happening to us, and from the place, it was possible to see the backbone of the mountain range. 37 years exactly had passed, the same day, the same time, and with a very sunny day, they looked for the last time at the mountain range and that intense green color of spring.

I tried to retain everything around me. I concentrated on the smells, the colors, the sounds, the mountains, the objects, trying to share that moment with my father, and I felt calm.

They all died with great fortitude; I see them clearly standing, looking at the mountain range, with their heads held high and shouting ideals that are forgotten today; I see them looking fixedly into the eyes of their executioners, who cannot forget this intensity and who even today toss and turn without being able to sleep.

What calms me, listen well, is that I do not feel like a victim. I feel like the son of a hero.”

Máximo Pincheira is a multimedia artist. He has exhibited complex and striking installations in spaces such as the Tenth Havana Biennial (2009), at the National Museum of Fine Arts of Chile (“Utopías de Bolsillo,” 2006), or the Shanghai Biennial, and has participated in numerous collective exhibitions in Chile and the world.

His works challenge modernity and question consumer objects and globalization, with allusions to the recent past supported by our geography and his own pain.

By Lucía Sepúlveda Ruiz

Source: elciudadano, November 12, 2010

On September 11, 1973, in La Moneda and its surroundings, nearly 40 people were arrested, most of them advisors and GAP members of Allende. The remains of 11 forcibly disappeared persons arrested on the day of the military coup at the Palacio de La Moneda were definitively identified by the Legal Medical Service with the collaboration of the genetics laboratory of Innsbruck in Austria.

The information was delivered yesterday to the relatives by the director of the SML, Dr. Patricio Bustos, who had previously delivered the reports to Judge Juan Fuentes Belmar, who is investigating the case of the disappeared from La Moneda.

The identities correspond to Enrique Paris Roa, 40 years old at the time of his detention; Héctor Pincheira Núñez (28); Óscar Lagos Ríos (21); Julio Moreno Pulgar (24); Julio Tapia Martínez (24); Héctor Urrutia Molina (22); Juan Vargas Contreras (23); Óscar Avilés Jofré (28); Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (33); Manuel Castro Zamorano (23); and Luis Rodríguez Riquelme.

Of this list, Paris and Pincheira were advisors to President Salvador Allende, and the rest were members of the President’s personal security (GAP). The identities of Lagos, Moreno, Tapia, and Vargas appeared as “thrown into the sea” in the report on the final destination of 200 forcibly disappeared persons that the Army delivered in January 2001, following the human rights dialogue table held in 2000.

“Despite the passage of time, technological limitations, and the obstacles placed by the perpetrators of these events, we have managed, with the multidisciplinary team of the Human Rights Unit of our service, to advance in the process of identifying victims of the dictatorship with very meticulous methodology in the area of Archaeology, Anthropology, as well as foreign laboratories accredited for DNA extraction, obtaining positive results,” said Dr.

Patricio Bustos.

On September 11, 1973, in La Moneda and its surroundings, nearly 40 people were arrested, most of them advisors and GAP members of Allende. The detainees were taken to the Regimiento Tacna, and two days later, about 20 of them were taken out in two trucks, driven to the Peldehue training camp, north of Santiago, and killed by machine-gun fire.

The commander of the Tacna at the time was Colonel Joaquín Ramírez Pineda.

Those who received the detainees in Peldehue to supervise that they were effectively eliminated were Major Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who later joined the Caravan of Death and the DINA, and Lieutenant Julio Vandorsee Cerda.

The then-sub-lieutenant of the Tacna, Jorge Iván Herrera López, operated the machine gun, killing them one by one, as he told La Nación Domingo in December 2002. The bodies were thrown into a dry pit about 10 meters deep, which they then dynamited to cover the corpses.

THE EXHUMATION

Near Christmas 1978, a detachment of the Tacna, now commanded by Colonel Hernán Canales Varas, located the pit and exhumed the bodies to bag them and throw them into the sea aboard a Puma helicopter of the Army Aviation Command, then in charge of Colonel Fernando Darrigrandi Márquez.

The exhumation was part of the so-called Operation Retiro de Televisores, which was carried out throughout the country to exhume the bodies of murdered prisoners buried in clandestine graves and throw them into the sea or incinerate them, as happened in some southern regiments.

The order was given by the dictator Augusto Pinochet through a cryptogram from the Army General Command sent to all regiments in the country at the end of 1978.

In the summer of 2001, Judge Amanda Valdovinos inspected the site in Peldehue and found the pit from which the bodies were exhumed. From there, nearly 500 bone fragments were extracted that remained from the exhumation carried out with a backhoe.

The information had been provided under confidentiality at the aforementioned dialogue table; however, it did not correspond to the site where the remains were finally found.

For the exhumation, nine retired officers and non-commissioned officers were sentenced to only 270 days in prison each, with supervised release.

The process for the crimes of the disappeared from La Moneda remains open, and among those prosecuted are Pedro Espinoza himself, Ramírez Pineda, Jorge Iván Herrera, General (R) Herman Brady, who was the commander of the Santiago Military Garrison, and a group of retired non-commissioned officers who participated in the transfer of the prisoners to Peldehue and who later also formed part of the team that exhumed the bodies.

Some of them are Eliseo Cornejo, Bernardo Soto, Teobaldo Mendoza, and Juan Riquelme Silva.

Source: lanacion.cl, February 1, 2010

The judge of the Fifth Criminal Court of Santiago, Juan Carlos Urrutia, indicted eight former members of the Army for the cases of the twelve forcibly disappeared persons from the Palacio de La Moneda, an event that occurred in September 1973.

General (R) Luis Joaquín Ramírez Pineda, who has been detained in Argentina since September, awaiting extradition to France for the disappearance of the physician and former presidential advisor Georges Klein Pipper, who was apprehended at La Moneda in 1973, was indicted for the crime of aggravated kidnapping.

Likewise, Colonel Servando Maureira Roa, Major Jorge Herrera López, and non-commissioned officers Teobaldo Mendoza Vicencio, Eliseo Cornejo Escobedo, Bernardo Soto Segura, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, and Jorge Ismael Gamboa Alvarez were prosecuted, all of them retired and having confessed to the executions.

It should be mentioned that in the coming days, Magistrate Juan Carlos Urrutia will request from Argentina the extradition of General Luis Ramírez.

Source: latercera.cl, January 13, 2003

CDE joins the case of the disappeared of La Moneda

The progress of the investigation being conducted in the Fifth Criminal Court of Santiago and the new evidence provided by the lawyers for the case of the disappearance of 14 people from the Palacio de La Moneda on September 11, 1973, were the main reasons why the general council of the State Defense Council (CDE) decided that the entity should join the process.

Sources from the entity explained that the resolution was adopted unanimously and “was a report of more than an hour, with all the pieces of the process, and it did not go from something that was said to be black to one that is now white, but simply that as things stand, there is now sufficient merit.”

This explains why this idea had been rejected on August 11.

Thus, it was also determined that the lawyer who will join the case being conducted by the exclusive judge, Juan Carlos Urrutia, will be Helmut Griott, who is expected to argue the criteria of President Ricardo Lagos’s proposal on human rights in criminal matters.

This means distinguishing between the material and intellectual authors of the case.

In this case, Brigadier (R) Pedro Espinoza, Colonel (R) Servando Maureira, and Major (R) Jorge Herrera have already been prosecuted. In addition, retired non-commissioned officers Teobaldo Mendoza, Eliseo Cornejo, Bernardo Soto, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme, and Jorge Gamboa.

Among them is also retired General Hernán Ramírez Pineda, who has been detained since last September in Buenos Aires.

Regarding this case, for which the Chilean justice system has already requested extradition, the CDE is studying joining the case in Buenos Aires, which in the opinion of the councilors is possible, because he is prosecuted in Chile for this case.

Among the victims of La Moneda, taken from the Tacna regiment to the Justo Arteaga Cuevas fort in Peldehue, where they were executed and subsequently their bodies thrown into the sea, are Jaime Barrios Meza, Daniel Escobar Cruz, Enrique Huerta Corvalán, Claudio Jimeno Grendi, Oscar Lagos Ríos, Juan Montiglio Murúa, Julio Moreno Pulgar, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, Julio Tapia Martínez, Oscar Valladares Caroca, Juan Vargas Contreras, and George Klein Pipper.

It is for the case of the latter that the French justice system asked its Argentine counterpart for the arrest of Ramírez Pineda.

Source: lanacion.cl, August 22, 2003

Court prosecutes ten former uniformed officers for the crime of former GAP member

The Fourth Chamber of the Santiago Court of Appeals prosecuted ten former uniformed officers, including General (R) Herman Brady, for the crime of aggravated kidnapping committed against the former GAP member, Luis Fernando Rodríguez Riquelme.

The resolution indicates that Luis Joaquín Ramírez Pineda, Servando Elías Maureira Roa, Jorge Iván Herrera López, Teobaldo Segundo Mendoza Vivencio, Eliseo Antonio Cornejo Escobedo, Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, Jorge Ismael Gamboa Alvarez, General (R) Herman Julio Brady Roche, and Brigadier (R) Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo participated in the crime.

The ruling states that “there are well-founded presumptions to estimate that each one had participation as an author in the described crime (...) since the first of those named (Ramírez Pineda), in his capacity as Commander of the Tacna Regiment, with the rank of colonel, ordered the transfer of the prisoners to Peldehue and presumably also gave the orders for their execution, while the second to the eighth of those named executed said orders, without there being any evidence to estimate that said subordinates were in a situation where another conduct was required of them.”

The ruling adds that the tenth (Espinoza Bravo) also arrived at the place where the prisoners were taken off and, with command authority, arranged what was pertinent so that they would presumably be executed, and the ninth (Brady Roche), having a higher position in the command of the first of those named (Ramírez Pineda), arranged or allowed the transfer of the victim to Peldehue, where he disappeared.”

Luis Fernando Rodríguez Riquelme was part of the Group of Friends of the President (GAP) and was detained on September 11 at La Moneda. On September 13, around noon, by order of the Commander of the Tacna Regiment (Ramírez Pineda), they were tied with wires on their hands and feet and transported aboard a Pegaso truck, covered with a tarp, toward Peldehue.

At this place, information about the detainee is lost, with the presumption that he was machine-gunned.

Source: lanacion.cl, May 8, 2008

Nine retired officers prosecuted for the disappeared of La Moneda

The former director of Investigations, Eduardo “Coco” Paredes, and Allende’s personal physician, Enrique Paris, are two of the eight victims for whom the retired Army officers were prosecuted.

Visiting Minister Juan Fuentes Belmar prosecuted General (R) Herman Julio Brady and eight other retired Army officers yesterday for the forcibly disappeared persons of La Moneda, including Dr. Enrique Paris and the former director of Investigations, Eduardo “Coco” Paredes.

It is the second prosecution affecting Brady and the other officers for the detentions carried out at the government palace on September 11, 1973, which later became disappearances. For this reason, they were classified as aggravated kidnappings of political prisoners.

Along with Brady, Brigadier (R) Pedro Espinoza Bravo (who would later be second in command of the DINA) and former officers Servando Maureira Roa, Jorge Herrera López, Teobaldo Mendoza Vicencio, Eliseo Cornejo Escobedo, Bernardo Soto Segura, Juan Riquelme Silva, and Jorge Gamboa Álvarez were prosecuted.

On the day of the coup d’état, military troops entered La Moneda, where they detained nearly 50 people, including direct advisors, members of the Group of Personal Friends (GAP) of President Allende, doctors, and Investigations officials, who were transferred to the Regimiento Tacna, to then be executed. To date, their bodies have not been located.

In addition to Dr. Paris and “Coco” Paredes, Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (GAP), Sergio Contreras Contreras (Press Chief of the Intendencia), Héctor Pincheira Núñez (advisor to President Allende), José Freire Medina (GAP), Manuel Castro Zamora (GAP), and Daniel Gutiérrez Ayala (GAP) were detained at La Moneda.

The plaintiff lawyer in the case, Nelson Caucoto, said that “it is the first time, after 35 years, that these advisors to President Allende begin to glimpse justice. With this ruling, it has been shown that justice is slow but it arrives.”

Regarding General (R) Luis Ramírez Pineda, former commander of the Regimiento Tacna—whom the magistrate decided not to prosecute for the moment—lawyer Caucoto explained that his situation will be decided when the Supreme Court requests the expansion of his extradition from the Argentine justice system.

Generals (R) Pineda and Brady, along with the other officers, were already prosecuted last May for the disappearance (aggravated kidnapping) of former GAP member Luis Rodríguez Riquelme, also arrested at La Moneda. However, on that occasion, the Court of Appeals acted ex officio, given the refusal of Minister Fuentes Belmar in this case.

Brady was the commander of the Santiago garrison, and then-Colonel Ramírez Pineda was the commander of the Regimiento Tacna, where the La Moneda detainees were taken.

From that place, they were taken out in a truck, tied hand and foot with wire, bound for Peldehue, where they were executed. The entire operation was supervised by Pedro Espinoza, who was dressed in civilian clothes.

Enrique Paris and “Coco” Paredes

Juan Antonio Eduardo “Coco” Paredes Barrientos was married, had two children, and was a surgeon. He was a member of the PS and, during the Allende government, was director of the Investigations Service.

Enrique París Roa, also a doctor, was married, had 3 children, and was a member of the central committee of the PC. He advised President Allende on health matters. Both were arrested while leaving the Palacio de La Moneda while it was being bombed. Together with the rest of the detainees, they were transferred to the Regimiento Tacna, where they remained until September 13.

Source: lanacion.cl, August 7, 2008

11 advisors to Salvador Allende murdered in Peldehue identified: the other traces of La Moneda

The confirmation of identities was made by the Human Rights Unit of the Legal Medical Service with the support of an Austrian genetic laboratory. They suffered a double death: the bullets of the machine gun and the exhumation to disappear into the sea.

On September 11, 1973, in La Moneda and its surroundings, nearly 40 people were arrested, most of them advisors and GAP members of Allende.

The remains of 11 forcibly disappeared persons arrested on the day of the military coup at the Palacio de La Moneda were definitively identified by the Legal Medical Service with the collaboration of the genetics laboratory of Innsbruck in Austria.

The information was delivered yesterday to the relatives by the director of the SML, Dr. Patricio Bustos, who had previously delivered the reports to Judge Juan Fuentes Belmar, who is investigating the case of the disappeared from La Moneda.

The identities correspond to Enrique Paris Roa, 40 years old at the time of his detention; Héctor Pincheira Núñez (28); Óscar Lagos Ríos (21); Julio Moreno Pulgar (24); Julio Tapia Martínez (24); Héctor Urrutia Molina (22); Juan Vargas Contreras (23); Óscar Avilés Jofré (28); Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (33); Manuel Castro Zamorano (23); and Luis Rodríguez Riquelme.

Of this list, Paris and Pincheira were advisors to President Salvador Allende, and the rest were members of the President’s personal security (GAP). The identities of Lagos, Moreno, Tapia, and Vargas appeared as “thrown into the sea” in the report on the final destination of 200 forcibly disappeared persons that the Army delivered in January 2001, following the human rights dialogue table held in 2000.

“Despite the passage of time, technological limitations, and the obstacles placed by the perpetrators of these events, we have managed, with the multidisciplinary team of the Human Rights Unit of our service, to advance in the process of identifying victims of the dictatorship with very meticulous methodology in the area of Archaeology, Anthropology, as well as foreign laboratories accredited for DNA extraction, obtaining positive results,” said Dr.

Patricio Bustos.

On September 11, 1973, in La Moneda and its surroundings, nearly 40 people were arrested, most of them advisors and GAP members of Allende. The detainees were taken to the Regimiento Tacna, and two days later, about 20 of them were taken out in two trucks, driven to the Peldehue training camp, north of Santiago, and killed by machine-gun fire.

The commander of the Tacna at the time was Colonel Joaquín Ramírez Pineda.

Those who received the detainees in Peldehue to supervise that they were effectively eliminated were Major Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who later joined the Caravan of Death and the DINA, and Lieutenant Julio Vandorsee Cerda.

The then-sub-lieutenant of the Tacna, Jorge Iván Herrera López, operated the machine gun, killing them one by one, as he told La Nación Domingo in December 2002. The bodies were thrown into a dry pit about 10 meters deep, which they then dynamited to cover the corpses.

THE EXHUMATION

Near Christmas 1978, a detachment of the Tacna, now commanded by Colonel Hernán Canales Varas, located the pit and exhumed the bodies to bag them and throw them into the sea aboard a Puma helicopter of the Army Aviation Command, then in charge of Colonel Fernando Darrigrandi Márquez.

The exhumation was part of the so-called Operation Retiro de Televisores, which was carried out throughout the country to exhume the bodies of murdered prisoners buried in clandestine graves and throw them into the sea or incinerate them, as happened in some southern regiments.

The order was given by the dictator Augusto Pinochet through a cryptogram from the Army General Command sent to all regiments in the country at the end of 1978.

In the summer of 2001, Judge Amanda Valdovinos inspected the site in Peldehue and found the pit from which the bodies were exhumed. From there, nearly 500 bone fragments were extracted that remained from the exhumation carried out with a backhoe.

The information had been provided under confidentiality at the aforementioned dialogue table; however, it did not correspond to the site where the remains were finally found.

For the exhumation, nine retired officers and non-commissioned officers were sentenced to only 270 days in prison each, with supervised release.

The process for the crimes of the disappeared from La Moneda remains open, and among those prosecuted are Pedro Espinoza himself, Ramírez Pineda, Jorge Iván Herrera, General (R) Herman Brady, who was the commander of the Santiago Military Garrison, and a group of retired non-commissioned officers who participated in the transfer of the prisoners to Peldehue and who later also formed part of the team that exhumed the bodies.

Some of them are Eliseo Cornejo, Bernardo Soto, Teobaldo Mendoza, and Juan Riquelme Silva.

Source: La Nación, January 26, 2010

Case of the Forcibly Disappeared of La Moneda: Process in the Fifth Criminal Court

On January 13, the judge with exclusive jurisdiction over human rights violation cases at the Fifth Criminal Court of Santiago, Juan Carlos Urrutia, indicted retired General Luis Ramírez Pineda as the perpetrator of the crime of aggravated kidnapping of 12 people detained at La Moneda on September 11, 1973, and transferred to the Tacna Regiment, where he was the commander.

The resolution affected eight other retired members of the Army who confessed to having participated in the kidnappings of Jaime Barrios Meza, Daniel Escobar Cruz, Enrique Huerta Corvalán, Claudio Jimeno Grendi, Georges Klein Pipper, Oscar Lagos Ríos, Juan Montiglio Murúa, Julio Moreno Pulgar, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, Julio Tapia Martínez, Oscar Valladares Caroca, and Juan Vargas Contreras, who were detained at La Moneda on September 11, 1973.

The eight individuals indicted as perpetrators of the crime of aggravated kidnapping are: retired Army Colonel Servando Maureira Roa, retired Army Major Jorge Iván Herrera López, retired Army Colonel Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo, and retired Army non-commissioned officers Eliseo Antonio Cornejo Escobedo, Jorge Ismael Gamboa Alvarez, Teobaldo Segundo Mendoza Vicencio, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, and Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura.

On February 6, Judge Juan Carlos Urrutia arrived at Fuerte Arteaga to conduct a reconstruction of the scene for the investigation into the 12 people detained at La Moneda on September 11, 1973. The proceeding lasted three hours and was attended by eight of the nine accused.

Those who appeared were: retired Army Colonel Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo; retired Army Major Jorge Iván Herrera López; retired Army Colonel Servando Maureira Roa; and retired Army non-commissioned officers Teobaldo Segundo Mendoza Vicencio, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura, Eliseo Antonio Cornejo Escobedo, and Jorge Ismael Gamboa Alvarez.

The only person absent from the expert proceeding was retired General Luis Joaquín Ramírez Pineda, who is detained in Argentina at the request of the French justice system.

For the plaintiff attorney, Nelson Caucoto of FASIC, the proceeding allowed the judge to gain more clarity on the facts and obtain the testimony of the accused at the location where the victims were executed.

On February 12, the Santiago Court of Appeals denied provisional release to six of the nine indicted individuals, due to pending proceedings. The ruling affects retired Colonel Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo; retired Major Jorge Iván Herrera López; retired Colonel Servando Maureira Roa; and retired non-commissioned officers Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura, and Jorge Ismael Gamboa Álvarez.

Source: Vicariate of Solidarity Report, January 13, 2003

11 advisors to Salvador Allende murdered in Peldehue identified

The other traces of La Moneda

On September 11, 1973, nearly 40 people were arrested at La Moneda and its surroundings, most of them advisors and members of Allende’s GAP (Personal Security Group).

The remains of 11 forcibly disappeared persons arrested on the day of the military coup at the La Moneda Palace were definitively identified by the Legal Medical Service (SML) with the collaboration of the genetics laboratory in Innsbruck, Austria.

The information was delivered yesterday to the families by the director of the SML, Dr. Patricio Bustos, who had previously submitted the reports to Judge Juan Fuentes Belmar, who is investigating the case of the disappeared from La Moneda.

The identities correspond to Enrique Paris Roa, 40 years old at the time of his detention; Héctor Pincheira Núñez (28); Óscar Lagos Ríos (21); Julio Moreno Pulgar (24); Julio Tapia Martínez (24); Héctor Urrutia Molina (22); Juan Vargas Contreras (23); Óscar Avilés Jofré (28); Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (33); Manuel Castro Zamorano (23); and Luis Rodríguez Riquelme.

Of this list, Paris and Pincheira were advisors to President Salvador Allende, and the rest were members of the President's personal security (GAP). The identities of Lagos, Moreno, Tapia, and Vargas appeared as “thrown into the sea” in the report on the final fate of 200 forcibly disappeared persons submitted by the Army in January 2001, following the human rights dialogue table held in 2000.

“Despite the passage of time, technological limitations, and the obstacles placed by the perpetrators of these acts, we have managed, with the multidisciplinary team of the Human Rights Unit of our service, to advance in the process of identifying victims of the dictatorship with very meticulous methodology in the areas of Archaeology and Anthropology, as well as through foreign laboratories accredited for DNA extraction, obtaining positive results,” said Dr.

Patricio Bustos.

On September 11, 1973, nearly 40 people were arrested at La Moneda and its surroundings, most of them advisors and members of Allende’s GAP. The detainees were taken to the Tacna Regiment, and two days later, about 20 of them were taken out in two trucks, driven to the Peldehue training camp north of Santiago, and killed by machine-gun fire.

The commander of the Tacna Regiment at the time was Colonel Joaquín Ramírez Pineda.

Those who received the detainees in Peldehue to supervise their elimination were Major Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who later joined the Caravan of Death and the DINA, and Lieutenant Julio Vandorsee Cerda.

The then-sub-lieutenant of the Tacna Regiment, Jorge Iván Herrera López, operated the machine gun, killing them one by one, as he told La Nación Domingo in December 2002. The bodies were thrown into a dry well about 10 meters deep, which was then dynamited to cover the corpses.

THE EXHUMATION

Near Christmas 1978, a detachment from the Tacna Regiment, now commanded by Colonel Hernán Canales Varas, located the well and exhumed the bodies to place them in sacks and throw them into the sea aboard a Puma helicopter of the Army Aviation Command, then in charge of Colonel Fernando Darrigrandi Márquez.

The exhumation was part of the so-called "Operation Retiro de Televisores" (Operation TV Set Removal), which was carried out throughout the country to exhume the bodies of murdered prisoners buried in clandestine graves and throw them into the sea or incinerate them, as occurred in some regiments in the south.

The order was issued by dictator Augusto Pinochet through a cryptogram from the Army General Command sent to all regiments in the country at the end of 1978.

In the summer of 2001, Judge Amanda Valdovinos inspected the site in Peldehue and found the well from which the bodies had been exhumed. Nearly 500 bone fragments that remained from the exhumation carried out with a backhoe were extracted from there.

The information had been provided under confidentiality at the aforementioned dialogue table; however, it did not correspond to the site where the remains were finally found.

For the exhumation, nine retired officers and non-commissioned officers were sentenced to only 270 days in prison each, with supervised release.

The case for the crimes of the disappeared from La Moneda remains open, and among those indicted are Pedro Espinoza, Ramírez Pineda, Jorge Iván Herrera, retired General Herman Brady—who was the commander of the Santiago Military Garrison—and a group of retired non-commissioned officers who participated in the transfer of the prisoners to Peldehue and who later also formed part of the team that exhumed the bodies.

Some of them are Eliseo Cornejo, Bernardo Soto, Teobaldo Mendoza, and Juan Riquelme Silva.

Source: La Nación, February 1, 2010

The crimes that shook Chile

Four months after the search began at Fuerte Arteaga, the investigations began to reveal what had happened more than twenty-five years earlier to those detained on September 11, 1973, at La Moneda.

A large pit was excavated in the northern area of the field zone, and more than 500 bone fragments were recovered, corresponding to limb fragments, teeth, pieces of skull, and other parts of human bodies, in addition to war material and pieces of clothing. These remains contained the final piece of history for 12 of the 20 people detained on September 11, 1973, at La Moneda.

Judge Valdovinos issued a conclusive report to the Supreme Court. In it, she spoke of the violence and irrationality that had dominated these deaths. She indicated that upon observing the remains found in the area of the pit, one could “categorically conclude the use of explosives of the grenade type to destroy the bodies,” due to the bone fragments embedded in the walls of the well.

She also referred to the traces of heavy machinery in the exhumation of the bodies.

In June 2002, the Supreme Court decided to restructure the investigations into human rights violation cases and appointed Judge Juan Carlos Urrutia of the Fifth Criminal Court to be in charge of the Fuerte Arteaga case. Based on the bone fragments, the investigation into illegal exhumation began.

One of the fundamental witnesses in this investigation was non-commissioned officer Eliseo Cornejo Escobar, who participated in the executions of the La Moneda detainees and, five years later, guided the search in the excavations to exhume the remains as part of "Operation Retiro de Televisores." On that December 23, 1978, the supervision of the work was in charge of the commander of the Tacna Regiment, Hernán Canales Varas.

According to the accounts, it was around 10:00 a.m. when Eliseo Cornejo marked the exact place where the detainees had been buried on September 13, 1973. A mechanical shovel began to dig the dry well until it reached a depth of six meters, where an iron bar appeared that Cornejo immediately identified.

The shovel began to work slowly until the first body appeared. The bodies were almost intact, thanks to the clay soil that prevented the penetration of oxygen and the subsequent process of organic decomposition.

The bodies were removed manually so they would not fall apart; despite this, small fragments remained in the earth, as if refusing to disappear completely. Then they took the remains and loaded them onto a Unimog truck. In total, there were 12 sacks, and all were transported to some parking lots in front of the San Martín highway.

Around 10:00 p.m., the Army Aviation Command helicopter arrived, in charge of the then-Colonel Fernando Darrigrandi. It was piloted by Emilio de la Mahotiere González, Luis Felipe Polanco, and Antonio Palomo Contreras, the same trio that flew the Puma helicopter in the Caravan of Death. The aircraft landed near where the sacks were; they were quickly loaded, and the helicopter took off.

As in the previous cases, "Operation Retiro de Televisores" had been carried out silently and opportunely. The order of the Army Commander-in-Chief was being fulfilled.

It was the realization of one crime to hide another, which had begun on September 12, 1973, with the arrival of Pedro Espinoza at the Tacna Regiment. The Intelligence officer carried an envelope containing precise orders from the Army General Command to the commander of the Tacna Regiment, Luis Ramírez Pineda.

In them, the people detained at La Moneda were sentenced to death, and it was ordered that they be transferred to Peldehue to carry out the order.

Ramírez Pineda had given orders to apply maximum brutality against the detainees who arrived that afternoon of September 11. In those tied-up and exhausted men, he deposited all his hatred against the Marxists.

There were 49 detainees; the next day, it was ordered to release 17 officials from the Investigations service, and others were separated, reducing the La Moneda group to 21 people.

On the 13th, first thing in the morning, a truck parked in front of the barracks where the prisoners were. List in hand, they were taken out of the stables, tied with wire, and violently thrown into the truck.

Among the 21 were Jaime Barrios Meza, Sergio Contreras, Daniel Escobar Cruz, Enrique Huerta Corvalán, Claudio Jimeno Grendi, Jorge Klein Pipper, Oscar Lagos Ríos, Juan Montiglio Murúa, Enrique Paris Roa, Eduardo Paredes Barrientos, Julio Moreno Pulgar, Héctor Pincheira Núñez, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, Julio Tapia Martínez, Héctor Urrutia Molina, Oscar Valladares Caroca, Juan Vargas Contreras, Luis Rodríguez Riquelme, José Freire Medina, and Luis Avilés Jofré, who had arrived at the La Moneda Palace to support the government.

The truck headed north, guarded by military vehicles and followed by the watchful eye of the then-Colonel Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who was traveling in one of the column's vehicles. Espinoza was a high-ranking Army Intelligence officer whose role in the post-coup repression was decisive.

He was in charge of supervising the main extermination operations committed throughout the country, by order of the Intelligence General Staff.

Upon arrival, they went immediately to a dry well next to a building. There, they set up a machine gun operated by Lieutenant Jorge Herrera López and began to take the detainees down, calling them by their names.

Without complaint and looking straight ahead, the 21 men faced death standing on the edge of the well. They faced alone the muffled sounds of the bullets that echoed in the solitude of the hills. When the last detainee fell, the order was given to throw grenades so that the walls of the well would collapse, thus covering up the crime.

The process The case has had a long journey through the justice system. From the time Judge Amanda Valdovinos began the investigation into illegal burials until the present, the investigation has been in the hands of the judge of the Fifth Criminal Court, Juan Carlos Urrutia; the Minister of the Court of Appeals Alejandro Madrid Crohare; the Special Minister for human rights cases Juan Fuentes Belmar; and it is currently in the hands of the Minister of the Court of Appeals Miguel Vásquez Plaza.

Of the 21 victims, only 11 forcibly disappeared persons have been identified through the work of identifying remains and genetic analyses performed by the Laboratory of the University of North Texas, United States, which included forensic examinations of the victims' bone samples and comparative tests on blood samples donated by the families.

Currently, retired General Luis Ramírez Pineda is indicted as the perpetrator of the aggravated homicide of 11 people detained at La Moneda on September 11, 1973, and transferred to the Tacna Regiment, where he was the commander.

The expansion of the extradition is also being processed in the Argentine justice system, because it was initially requested for the charges of aggravated kidnapping of 11 people, and he is currently indicted for aggravated homicide; as the legal classification has changed, it is necessary to request a change from the country granting the extradition.

The resolution affected eight other retired members of the Army who confessed to having participated in the kidnappings of Jaime Barrios Meza, Daniel Escobar Cruz, Enrique Huerta Corvalán, Claudio Jimeno Grendi, Oscar Lagos Ríos, Juan Montiglio Murúa, Julio Moreno Pulgar, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, Julio Tapia Martínez, Oscar Valladares Caroca, and Juan Vargas Contreras.

The eight individuals indicted as perpetrators of the crime of aggravated kidnapping were retired Army Colonel Servando Maureira Roa, retired Army Major Jorge Iván Herrera López, retired Army Brigadier Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo, and retired Army non-commissioned officers Eliseo Antonio Cornejo Escobedo, Jorge Ismael Gamboa Álvarez, Teobaldo Segundo Mendoza Vicencio, Juan de la Cruz Riquelme Silva, and Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura.

Source: El Mostrador.cl, September 12, 2013

Justice sentences retired Army members for kidnapping and homicide of detainees at La Moneda in 1973

The visiting minister for human rights violation cases of the Santiago Court of Appeals, Miguel Vázquez Plaza, sentenced seven retired Army officers for their responsibility in the crimes of kidnapping and homicide of 23 collaborators of President Salvador Allende, who were detained at the La Moneda Palace on September 11, 1973.

In the ruling, the visiting minister sentenced Pedro Octavio Espinoza Bravo to 20 years in prison as a co-perpetrator of the crimes of aggravated homicide of: Óscar Luis Avilés Jofré, Jaime Antonio Barrios Meza, Manuel Ramón Castro Zamorano, Claudio Raúl Jimeno Grendi, Georges Klein Pipper, Óscar Reinaldo Lagos Ríos, Julio Hernán Moreno Pulgar, Egidio Enrique Paris Roa, Héctor Ricardo Pincheira Núñez, Luis Fernando Rodríguez Riquelme, Jaime Gilson Sotelo Ojeda, Luis Fernando Tapia Martínez, Héctor Daniel Urrutia Molina, Juan Alejandro Vargas Contreras, and Juan José Montiglio Murúa.

Meanwhile, Servando Elías Maureira Roa and Jorge Iván Herrera López must serve 9 years in prison; and former military personnel Teobaldo Segundo Mendoza Vicencio, Eliseo Antonio Cornejo Escobedo, Bernardo Eusebio Soto Segura, and Jorge Ismael Gamboa Álvarez were sentenced by Minister Vázquez Plaza to 7 years in prison as co-perpetrators of the crimes of aggravated homicide.

In the case of former military personnel Servando Elías Maureira Roa and Jorge Iván Herrera López, they were sentenced to 5 years of minor imprisonment in its maximum degree as co-perpetrators of the crimes of aggravated kidnapping of Sergio Contreras, Daniel Francisco Escobar Cruz, José Freire Medina, Daniel Antonio Gutiérrez Ayala, Enrique Lelio Huerta Corvalán, Juan Eduardo Paredes Barrientos, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, and Óscar Enrique Valladares Caroca.

The facts During the investigation stage of the case, Minister Vázquez Plaza was able to establish the following facts:

«a.- That, on September 11, 1973, the Armed Forces and Order forces carried out a previously planned coup d'état, through which the Government of the time was overthrown, accompanied by a handful of political advisors, GAP members, and officials of the Investigations Service, for political, economic, and social reasons that are not for this judicial venue to analyze, for which they seized power.

To carry out the uprising, the Government Palace, where the former President of the Republic Salvador Allende Gossens was located, was surrounded by military forces, and after warnings for the occupants of La Moneda to abandon said site, they did not do so; the seat of government was bombed by Hawker Hunter aircraft, although no people died as a result of that act.

Later, the occupants of La Moneda left with their hands up and were taken by military forces to the outside.

b.- That, on the occasion of the events that occurred on September 11, 1973, military troops that entered the La Moneda Palace proceeded to detain a group of about 50 people, consisting of direct political advisors, members of the President's security device (GAP), doctors, and officials of the Chilean Investigative Police, who surrendered to the military forces occupying the La Moneda Palace.

Some of them were released, and others were detained and transferred, for the most part, to the Tacna Regiment of the Chilean Army, being admitted in that capacity to said Regiment without any formal charge, except that they performed various functions in the recently overthrown government. The following day, the officials of the Investigative Police who worked inside La Moneda were released.

c.- That, on September 13, 1973, the detainees Sergio Contreras, Daniel Francisco Escobar Cruz, José Freire Medina, Daniel Antonio Gutiérrez Ayala, Enrique Lelio Huerta Corvalán, Juan José Montiglio Murúa, Juan Eduardo Paredes Barrientos, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, Óscar Enrique Valladares Caroca, Óscar Luis Avilés Jofré, Jaime Antonio Barrios Meza, Manuel Ramón Castro Zamorano, Claudio Raúl Jimeno Grendi, Georges Klein Pipper, Óscar Reinaldo Lagos Ríos, Julio Hernán Moreno Pulgar, Egidio Enrique Paris Roa, Héctor Ricardo Pincheira Núñez, Luis Fernando Rodríguez Riquelme, Jaime Gilson Sotelo Ojeda, Julio Fernando Tapia Martínez, Héctor Daniel Urrutia Molina, and Juan Alejandro Vargas Contreras, who still remained in the Tacna Regiment and who came from the group of prisoners captured at the La Moneda Palace, were tied by their feet and hands with wire, then loaded onto a military truck, guarded by officers and military personnel, and immediately transported to a predetermined place located on the property assigned to the Tacna Regiment, which was in the Peldehue military compound, adjacent to the San Martín highway, Colina sector. This was done by virtue of an order that emanated directly from the Commander of the Tacna Regiment, who in turn requested or received said instructions from a higher-ranking military officer who at that time served as Commander of the Santiago Military Garrison, Commander of the Second Army Division, and Military Judge of Santiago.

d.- That, upon arriving at said place in Peldehue, the aforementioned detainees were taken off the military truck and, according to the information gathered in the investigation, the installation of a machine gun was ordered, with which they fired upon said prisoners, who were tied by their hands and feet with wire and placed at the edge of a well or empty pit previously excavated on said property, and who, upon receiving the bullet impacts, fell into said pit.

Once the executions were concluded, the military personnel threw grenades into the pit, which exploded at the site, subsequently covering it with earth and thus burying the bodies of such prisoners; actions that were controlled and verified by an officer of the Army Intelligence Directorate who witnessed the executions from a distance close to the site of the events.

e.- That, once the executions of the detainees and the subsequent burial of their bodies in the aforementioned pit were concluded, the group of soldiers who had participated in the operation, composed of officers and lower-ranking military personnel, returned in the same vehicles used for the initial transfer to the Tacna Regiment, reporting such events to the Commander of the Unit, who in turn had to communicate them to the superior hierarchical officer, the Commander of the Santiago Military Garrison.

f.- That, on the occasion of bodies buried clandestinely having been discovered in other cases, the order was given by the Army leadership that the remains be removed from the place where they had been executed, transporting them to an unknown destination (apparently thrown into the sea or in the high mountains); however, after excavations were carried out at the place where the execution occurred, remains were found that were positively identified as: Óscar Luis Avilés Jofré, Jaime Antonio Barrios Meza, Manuel Ramón Castro Zamorano, Claudio Raúl Jimeno Grendi, Jorge Klein Pipper, Óscar Reinaldo Lagos Ríos, Julio Hernán Moreno Pulgar, Egidio Enrique Paris Roa, Héctor Ricardo Pincheira Núñez, Luis Fernando Rodríguez Riquelme, Jaime Gilson Sotelo Ojeda, Julio Fernando Tapia Martínez, Héctor Daniel Urrutia Molina, Juan Alejandro Vargas Contreras, and Juan José Montiglio Murúa; as evidenced by the integrated expert reports sent by the Legal Medical Service, on pages 7960 and following, 8762 and following, 9666 and following, 9701 and following, and 12383 and following, regarding forensic medical examinations performed on the bone evidence recovered from the "Fuerte Arteaga" military compound located in the town of Peldehue in the commune of Colina, and of the human remains associated with Protocol No. 1561-01 of the Legal Medical Service linked to this case, in which it is also stated that the most probable immediate medical cause of death for these people was hemorrhagic shock as a consequence of firearm injuries, the medical-legal etiology of the death being of a violent, homicidal nature.

g.- That, the rest of the people who were detained at La Moneda on September 11, 1973, and taken out of the Tacna Regiment, namely: Sergio Contreras, Daniel Francisco Escobar Cruz, José Freire Medina, Daniel Antonio Gutiérrez Ayala, Enrique Lelio Huerta Corvalán, Juan Eduardo Paredes Barrientos, Arsenio Poupin Oissel, and Óscar Enrique Valladares Caroca, were not identified in the bone remains found there, their whereabouts remaining unknown since that date».

In the civil aspect, most of the claims presented were accepted, ordering the payment of compensation to the victims' families in amounts detailed in the attached sentence.

Source: adprensa.cl, May 4, 2018

11 advisors to Salvador Allende murdered in Peldehue identified: The other traces of La Moneda

On September 11, 1973, nearly 40 people were arrested at La Moneda and its surroundings, most of them advisors and members of Allende’s GAP.

The remains of 11 forcibly disappeared persons arrested on the day of the military coup at the La Moneda Palace were definitively identified by the Legal Medical Service with the collaboration of the genetics laboratory in Innsbruck, Austria.

The information was delivered yesterday to the families by the director of the SML, Dr. Patricio Bustos, who had previously submitted the reports to Judge Juan Fuentes Belmar, who is investigating the case of the disappeared from La Moneda.

The identities correspond to Enrique Paris Roa, 40 years old at the time of his detention; Héctor Pincheira Núñez (28); Óscar Lagos Ríos (21); Julio Moreno Pulgar (24); Julio Tapia Martínez (24); Héctor Urrutia Molina (22); Juan Vargas Contreras (23); Óscar Avilés Jofré (28); Jaime Sotelo Ojeda (33); Manuel Castro Zamorano (23); and Luis Rodríguez Riquelme.

Of this list, Paris and Pincheira were advisors to President Salvador Allende, and the rest were members of the President's personal security (GAP). The identities of Lagos, Moreno, Tapia, and Vargas appeared as “thrown into the sea” in the report on the final fate of 200 forcibly disappeared persons submitted by the Army in January 2001, following the human rights dialogue table held in 2000.

“Despite the passage of time, technological limitations, and the obstacles placed by the perpetrators of these acts, we have managed, with the multidisciplinary team of the Human Rights Unit of our service, to advance in the process of identifying victims of the dictatorship with very meticulous methodology in the areas of Archaeology and Anthropology, as well as through foreign laboratories accredited for DNA extraction, obtaining positive results,” said Dr.

Patricio Bustos.

On September 11, 1973, nearly 40 people were arrested at La Moneda and its surroundings, most of them advisors and members of Allende’s GAP. The detainees were taken to the Tacna Regiment, and two days later, about 20 of them were taken out in two trucks, driven to the Peldehue training camp north of Santiago, and killed by machine-gun fire.

The commander of the Tacna Regiment at the time was Colonel Joaquín Ramírez Pineda.

Those who received the detainees in Peldehue to supervise their elimination were Major Pedro Espinoza Bravo, who later joined the Caravan of Death and the DINA, and Lieutenant Julio Vandorsee Cerda.

The then-sub-lieutenant of the Tacna Regiment, Jorge Iván Herrera López, operated the machine gun, killing them one by one, as he told La Nación Domingo in December 2002. The bodies were thrown into a dry well about 10 meters deep, which was then dynamited to cover the corpses.

THE EXHUMATION

Near Christmas 1978, a detachment from the Tacna Regiment, now commanded by Colonel Hernán Canales Varas, located the well and exhumed the bodies to place them in sacks and throw them into the sea aboard a Puma helicopter of the Army Aviation Command, then in charge of Colonel Fernando Darrigrandi Márquez.

The exhumation was part of the so-called "Operation Retiro de Televisores," which was carried out throughout the country to exhume the bodies of murdered prisoners buried in clandestine graves and throw them into the sea or incinerate them, as occurred in some regiments in the south.

The order was issued by dictator Augusto Pinochet through a cryptogram from the Army General Command sent to all regiments in the country at the end of 1978.

In the summer of 2001, Judge Amanda Valdovinos inspected the site in Peldehue and found the well from which the bodies had been exhumed. Nearly 500 bone fragments that remained from the exhumation carried out with a backhoe were extracted from there.

The information had been provided under confidentiality at the aforementioned dialogue table; however, it did not correspond to the site where the remains were finally found.

For the exhumation, nine retired officers and non-commissioned officers were sentenced to only 270 days in prison each, with supervised release.

The case for the crimes of the disappeared from La Moneda remains open, and among those indicted are Pedro Espinoza, Ramírez Pineda, Jorge Iván Herrera, retired General Herman Brady—who was the commander of the Santiago Military Garrison—and a group of retired non-commissioned officers who participated in the transfer of the prisoners to Peldehue and who later also formed part of the team that exhumed the bodies.

Some of them are Eliseo Cornejo, Bernardo Soto, Teobaldo Mendoza, and Juan Riquelme Silva.

Source: lanacion.cl, January 26, 2010