30 years old, married, employee of the National Health Service, forcibly disappeared on September 21, 1973, in Santiago. Enrique Renato Guerrero Muñoz has been forcibly disappeared since September 21, 1973, the date he left his home located on Calle Walker Martínez, in the commune of Quinta Normal, heading to his work at the Printing Section of the National Health Service Central Workshops, located at the intersection of Santa Rosa and Estrella Polar.

His whereabouts have been unknown since then. According to statements made by his spouse, as he did not return home, she immediately began searching in various places, without positive results. According to statements provided by an eyewitness, around 19:00 hours on September 21 of that year, while he was at a soda fountain at the corner of Calle Catedral and Sotomayor, where the Chilectra Union meetings were held, he saw Enrique Guerrero enter, accompanied by a friend; they bought cigarettes and left.

Seconds later, shots and a burst of machine-gun fire were heard, causing the owner of the establishment to pull down the shutters. When the incident passed, the witness walked out with a friend along Calle Sotomayor in the direction of Compañía, where he encountered the body of Enrique Guerrero Muñoz lying on the public thoroughfare.

At that moment, shots were heard again, so they moved away slightly, but they managed to see several Carabineros load the body into the police vehicle they were using and drive away from the scene. Considering the evidence gathered and the investigation carried out by this Corporation, the Superior Council reached the conviction that the disappearance of Enrique Renato Guerrero Muñoz is attributable to the actions of State agents.

For this reason, it declared him a victim of human rights violations.

Source: (Report of the Corporation)

President Michelle Bachelet, along with other authorities and leaders of human rights organizations, inaugurated a memorial at the entrance of the National Association of Fiscal Employees (Anef), immortalizing the 380 names of its members who fell during the dictatorship.

In the context of the commemoration of the 41st anniversary of the 1973 coup d'état, Anef inaugurated the memorial as a tribute to the public employees who were victims of the dictatorship. The memorial bears the names of the 380 forcibly disappeared and political executions victims inscribed on bronze plaques—public employees from various sectors who, according to information from the Ministry of the Interior, were victims of the dictatorial regime.

The President of the Republic, Michelle Bachelet, attended the occasion and stated, "We cannot build a solid community without taking responsibility for the violence that fractured our society and ended the lives of wonderful people, like those we pay tribute to today," the President noted in her speech. "With this memorial, we settle a debt of the Anef to the State workers," added Bachelet. "We need that justice to come soon, and for that to be possible, we need those who have relevant information, whether civilians or military, to provide it," she urged, calling on the Justice system to work toward finding the truth. The president of the Anef, Raúl de la Puente, recalled that his organization "was one of the sectors most heavily struck during this dark period." The leader also recalled the struggle of some of those honored, such as Jorge Peña Hen, Reinalda Pereira, Carlos Prats, and the President's father, Alberto Bachelet. The ceremony was attended by representatives of the Association of Relatives of the Forcibly Disappeared, Lorena Pizarro, and of Political Executions, Alicia Lira; along with the Minister of Labor, Javiera Blanco; the Minister of Mining, Aurora Williams; the president of the CUT, Bárbara Figueroa; the Undersecretary of Labor, Francisco Díaz; Joan Jara, widow of Víctor Jara; parliamentarians Tucapel Jiménez, Maya Fernández, Lautaro Carmona, Hugo Gutiérrez, and Claudio Arriagada; as well as social and union leaders.

Source: villagrimaldi.cl 25/3/2023

Patio 29 of the General Cemetery of Santiago, between Avenida México to the north, Avenida O’Higgins to the east, Calle Los Copihues to the south, and Los M

One of the first indications of this situation came from evidence that reached the Vicariate of Solidarity in November 1979 regarding the existence of at least 200 graves with illegal burials and the existence, in the same place, of at least six bodies of victims from Paine.

A complaint was filed with the Minister of the Court of Appeals of San Miguel, and efforts were made to prohibit cemetery authorities from burying, exhuming, incinerating, or moving the remains of people buried as "NN" (unidentified).

Later, the magistrate declared himself incompetent and referred the case to military justice. That tribunal ratified the order not to perform any movement in Patio 29. After the return to democracy, the case returned to the ordinary justice system.

In September 1991, mass excavations of the "NN" graves began—a first exhumation had already been carried out in January of that year. These procedures originated from a lawsuit for the illegal burial of corpses filed by the Vicariate of Solidarity on August 22, 1991. 107 graves were exhumed, in which 125 sets of remains were found and sent to the Legal Medical Service for examination.

The releases of remains occurred gradually between 1993 and 2002, and a total of 96 people were identified through anthropomorphic expertise; one of these was also identified by mitochondrial DNA analysis (genetic code inherited from the maternal line).

After the year 2000, advances in judicial investigations allowed for the discovery of new evidence regarding the events that occurred with some victims, the itinerary they had experienced, and their probable final destination.

This information contradicted the identification at the General Cemetery of several victims from the town of Paine during the operation of October 16, 1973, as well as others detained at the Palacio de la Moneda on September 11.

In 2004, the wife of a victim of the Paine operation, Patricio Loreto Duque Orellana, requested mitochondrial DNA testing to confirm identity, to which the court agreed. The exams concluded that, genetically, the remains provided did not correspond to Duque Orellana, as the analysis results were "exclusive." Along with the above, the Minister of the Court of Appeals, Sergio Muñoz, who had assumed the judicial investigation into Patio 29, ordered new proceedings to review the expertise performed and to complement the genetic information related to the victims.

He ordered the exhumation of 30 previously identified remains that had been buried in other cemeteries in the country and abroad to subject them to new testing. The results were announced to the families' associations on April 19, 2006.

The report from the Legal Medical Service regarding the mitochondrial DNA analysis of 89 victims, for whom samples from relatives were available, showed that in 48 cases the results were "exclusive" (the previous identification did not correspond to the identified victim), 37 cases were "non-exclusive" (the maternal lineage of the identified victim could not be ruled out, but it coincided with other victims), and 4 cases were inconclusive (the maternal lineage could not be affirmed or ruled out).

These results led to the designation by President Michelle Bachelet of a special advisory and supervisory body on human rights matters for the Legal Medical Service: the Presidential Commission on Human Rights Policies.

This body continued working on the issue of identifying the victims of Patio 29, in coordination with the civil and institutional actors involved. Since then, various actions have been carried out aimed at installing an identification system in accordance with international standards and protocols.

Regarding the victims of Patio 29, international experts were consulted, and genetic testing was performed in foreign laboratories. In mid-2008, bone and blood samples from the reference victims of the relatives were sent to the University of North Texas for new DNA analysis, which was expected to incorporate relevant information into the judicial investigation regarding Patio 29.

An episode that caused consternation in the human rights defense community was the appearance of a "false victim" who appeared qualified in the Report of the National Corporation for Reparation and Reconciliation: Germán Cofré Martínez, who also appeared on the list of people from Patio 29.

The case of this man, who appeared alive in Santiago in November 2008 after living in Argentina, although it sparked enormous controversy in public opinion and confrontation between various political sectors, served to deepen the debate on the rigor of investigations into human rights violation cases and to strengthen institutional and citizen resolve to continue the search for truth and justice.

To date, in 2012, the genetic testing performed has allowed for the identification of 55 victims exhumed from Patio 29 of the General Cemetery. Among these people is: Enrique Renato Guerrero Muñoz, 30 years old, employee. Detained on September 21, 1973.

Source

interactivos.museodelamemoria.cl (no date)

Source: Patio 29 is a sector of the General Cemetery of Santiago, located in the northern part of this graveyard. After the 1973 coup d'état, it was used to bury, as "NN," the bodies of detained persons illicitly, following their passage through the Legal Medical Service.

Patio 29 Behind the Iron Cross (BOOK)

Patio 29 was usually intended for the burial of the destitute, psychiatric patients, and people who died without being identified ("NN"). However, between September 1973 and January 1974, its graves were used to hide victims of repression as "NN." Javiera Bustamante and Stephan Ruderer reconstruct the painful history of the place, using testimonies from the relatives of the forcibly disappeared, letters, documents, and other sources.

The book also accounts for the arduous process of identification and the handover of bodies, as well as the irregularities that characterized these proceedings. The powerful photographs that illustrate the volume were taken by visual artist Mara Daruich. Bustamante, Javiera; Ruderer, Stephan

Source: ocholibros.cl (no date)